Santa Lucia Foundation, European Centre for Brain Research (CERC), Via del Fosso di Fiorano 65, 00143 Rome, Italy.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2010 Mar;34(4):592-605. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.11.023. Epub 2009 Dec 1.
Major depressive disorder has recently been characterized by abnormal resting state hyperactivity in anterior midline regions. The neurochemical mechanisms underlying resting state hyperactivity remain unclear. Since animal studies provide an opportunity to investigate subcortical regions and neurochemical mechanisms in more detail, we used a cross-species translational approach comparing a meta-analysis of human data to animal data on the functional anatomy and neurochemical modulation of resting state activity in depression. Animal and human data converged in showing resting state hyperactivity in various ventral midline regions. These were also characterized by abnormal concentrations of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as well as by NMDA receptor up-regulation and AMPA and GABA receptor down-regulation. This cross-species translational investigation suggests that resting state hyperactivity in depression occurs in subcortical and cortical midline regions and is mediated by glutamate and GABA metabolism. This provides insight into the biochemical underpinnings of resting state activity in both depressed and healthy subjects.
重度抑郁症最近的特征是前中线区域静息状态下过度活跃。静息状态下过度活跃的神经化学机制尚不清楚。由于动物研究为更详细地研究皮质下区域和神经化学机制提供了机会，我们使用跨物种转化方法，将人类数据的荟萃分析与动物数据进行比较，研究抑郁症静息状态活动的功能解剖和神经化学调节。动物和人类的数据都表明，各种腹侧中线区域存在静息状态过度活跃的现象。这些区域还表现为谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）浓度异常，以及 NMDA 受体上调和 AMPA 和 GABA 受体下调。这项跨物种转化研究表明，抑郁症中的静息状态过度活跃发生在皮质下和皮质中线区域，由谷氨酸和 GABA 代谢介导。这为抑郁和健康受试者的静息状态活动的生化基础提供了深入了解。
