Institut für Molekulare Tierzucht und Biotechnologie, Genzentrum der LMU München, München, Germany.
Theriogenology. 2010 Sep 1;74(4):492-7. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.09.032. Epub 2009 Dec 5.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are permanent cell lines that can be maintained in a pluripotent, undifferentiated state. Appropriate environmental stimuli can cause them to differentiate into cell types of all three germ layers both in vitro and in vivo. Embryonic stem cells bear many opportunities for clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Whereas most of our knowledge on the biology and technology of ESCs is derived from studies with mouse cells, large animal models mimicking important aspects of human anatomy, physiology, and pathology more closely than mouse models are urgently needed for studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of cell therapies. The dog is an excellent model for studying human diseases, and the availability of canine ESCs would open new possibilities for this model in biomedical research. In addition, canine ESCs could be useful for the development of cell-based approaches for the treatment of dogs. Here, we discuss the features of recently reported canine embryo-derived cells and their potential applications in basic and translational biomedical research.
胚胎干细胞（ESCs）是可以保持多能性、未分化状态的永久性细胞系。适当的环境刺激可以使它们在体外和体内分化为三个胚层的细胞类型。胚胎干细胞为组织工程和再生医学中的临床应用提供了许多机会。虽然我们对 ESC 的生物学和技术的大部分了解都来自于对小鼠细胞的研究，但大型动物模型比小鼠模型更能模拟人类解剖、生理和病理的重要方面，因此迫切需要这些模型来评估细胞治疗的安全性和有效性。狗是研究人类疾病的理想模型，犬胚胎干细胞的出现为该模型在生物医学研究中开辟了新的可能性。此外，犬胚胎干细胞可能对开发用于治疗犬类的基于细胞的方法有用。在这里，我们讨论了最近报道的犬胚胎衍生细胞的特征及其在基础和转化生物医学研究中的潜在应用。
