Diagnostic Radiology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Cancer Imaging. 2009 Oct 2;9 Spec No A(Special issue A):S122-5. doi: 10.1102/1470-7330.2009.9045.
Low-dose computed tomography (ld-CT) for lung cancer screening in high-risk subjects is performed within clinical trials and has started to be used in routine clinical practice. The technique is well defined, even if some methodological problems are still debated, such as the measurements of pulmonary nodules, the size to define them as clinically significant, the management of small or non-solid nodules and the best diagnostic work-up to optimize diagnostic accuracy. The data derived from an IEO observational study, started in 2000, shows a high prevalence and incidence of early stage lung cancer detected at ld-CT, demonstrating the need to prolong observation for a long period of time. The high survival rate of patients with screening-detected cancer has recently been debated in a number of papers using statistical models, but the advantage of the yearly ld-CT for the individuals is unquestionable; its benefit on the population base has still to be demonstrated by ongoing randomized trials.
低剂量计算机断层扫描（ld-CT）用于高危人群的肺癌筛查正在临床试验中进行，并已开始在常规临床实践中使用。该技术已经得到很好的定义，尽管仍存在一些方法学问题存在争议，例如肺结节的测量、定义为临床显著的大小、小或非实性结节的管理以及最佳诊断方案以优化诊断准确性。国际肺癌研究协会（IEO）于 2000 年开始进行的一项观察性研究的数据显示，ld-CT 检测到的早期肺癌的患病率和发病率很高，这表明需要长时间延长观察时间。使用统计模型对筛查发现的癌症患者的高生存率进行了最近的辩论，但每年进行 ld-CT 对个体的益处是毫无疑问的；其对人群基础的益处仍有待正在进行的随机试验来证明。
