Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, The William Harvey Research Institute, St. Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary-University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Stem Cells. 2010 Mar 31;28(3):585-96. doi: 10.1002/stem.269.
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a rare heterogeneous subset of pluripotent stromal cells that can be isolated from many different adult tissues that exhibit the potential to give rise to cells of diverse lineages. Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects of MSCs in tissue repair and regeneration. After culture expansion and in vivo administration, MSCs home to and engraft to injured tissues and modulate the inflammatory response through synergistic downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of both prosurvival and antiinflammatory factors. In addition, MSCs possess remarkable immunosuppressive properties, suppressing T-cell, NK cell functions, and also modulating dentritic cell activities. Tremendous progress has been made in preclinical studies using MSCs, including the ability to use allogeneic cells, which has driven the application of MSCs toward the clinical setting. This review highlights our current understanding into the biology of MSCs with particular emphasis on the cardiovascular and renal applications, and provides a brief update on the clinical status of MSC-based therapy.
多能间充质基质细胞（MSCs）代表了一种罕见的多能基质细胞异质性亚群，可从许多不同的成人组织中分离出来，这些组织具有分化为多种谱系细胞的潜力。大量研究报告称 MSCs 在组织修复和再生方面具有有益作用。经过培养扩增和体内给药后，MSCs 归巢并植入受损组织，并通过协同下调促炎细胞因子和上调促生存和抗炎因子来调节炎症反应。此外，MSCs 具有显著的免疫抑制特性，可抑制 T 细胞、NK 细胞的功能，并调节树突状细胞的活性。使用 MSCs 的临床前研究取得了巨大进展，包括使用同种异体细胞的能力，这推动了 MSCs 在临床环境中的应用。本综述重点介绍了我们对 MSCs 生物学的现有理解，特别强调了其在心血管和肾脏方面的应用，并简要介绍了基于 MSC 的治疗的临床现状。
