Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009 Dec;97(6):1021-44. doi: 10.1037/a0016358.
Recent research has demonstrated self-verification strivings in groups, such that people strive to verify collective identities, which are personal self-views (e.g., "sensitive") associated with group membership (e.g., "women"). Such demonstrations stop short of showing that the desire for self-verification can fully transcend the self-other barrier, as in people working to verify ingroup identities (e.g., "Americans are loud") even when such identities are not self-descriptive ("I am quiet and unassuming"). Five studies focus on such ingroup verification strivings. Results indicate that people prefer to interact with individuals who verify their ingroup identities over those who enhance these identities (Experiments 1-5). Strivings for ingroup identity verification were independent of the extent to which the identities were self-descriptive but were stronger among participants who were highly invested in their ingroup identities, as reflected in high certainty of these identities (Experiments 1-4) and high identification with the group (Experiments 1-5). In addition, whereas past demonstrations of self-verification strivings have been limited to efforts to verify the content of identities (Experiments 1 to 3), the findings also show that they strive to verify the valence of their identities (i.e., the extent to which the identities are valued; Experiments 4 and 5). Self-verification strivings, rather than self-enhancement strivings, appeared to motivate participants' strivings for ingroup identity verification. Links to collective self-verification strivings and social identity theory are discussed.
最近的研究表明，群体中存在自我验证的努力，即人们努力验证与群体成员身份相关的集体身份，这些身份是与个人自我观点（例如“敏感”）相关的（例如“女性”）。这些研究结果表明，人们对自我验证的渴望并不能完全超越自我与他人之间的障碍，例如，人们努力验证内群体身份（例如“美国人声音大”），即使这些身份不是自我描述性的（例如“我安静谦逊”）。五项研究都关注了这种内群体验证的努力。结果表明，人们更愿意与验证自己内群体身份的人互动，而不是那些增强这些身份的人（实验 1-5）。对内群体身份验证的渴望与身份的自我描述程度无关，但在内群体身份认同感强的参与者中更为强烈，这反映在他们对这些身份的高度确定（实验 1-4）和对群体的高度认同（实验 1-5）中。此外，虽然过去对自我验证努力的研究仅限于努力验证身份的内容（实验 1 到 3），但这些发现还表明，人们努力验证身份的价值（即身份被重视的程度）（实验 4 和 5）。自我验证的努力，而不是自我增强的努力，似乎激发了参与者对内群体身份验证的努力。讨论了与集体自我验证努力和社会认同理论的联系。
