Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Japljeva 2, Ljubljana 1525, Slovenia.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2009 Dec;7(10):1251-60. doi: 10.1586/eri.09.99.
Tick-borne encephalitis is an infection of the CNS caused by a tick-borne encephalitis virus transmitted by ticks. It is more common in adults than in children. During the last 30 years, the incidence of the disease increased continuously in almost all endemic European countries except Austria. Many factors are responsible for the increased incidence. However, in Austria, the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis decreased dramatically since the introduction of a well-organized vaccination campaign against tick-borne encephalitis. The diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis is based on clinical criteria and laboratory confirmation of infection. Other tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme borreliosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis, should be considered in children with tick-borne encephalitis since endemic areas for all three diseases overlap.
蜱传脑炎是一种由蜱传播的脑炎病毒引起的中枢神经系统感染。它在成年人中比在儿童中更为常见。在过去的 30 年中，除奥地利以外，几乎所有欧洲流行国家的该病发病率都在持续增加。许多因素导致了发病率的增加。然而，在奥地利，由于开展了组织良好的蜱传脑炎疫苗接种运动，该病的发病率显著下降。蜱传脑炎的诊断基于临床标准和感染的实验室确认。对于患有蜱传脑炎的儿童，应考虑其他蜱传疾病，如莱姆病和人粒细胞无形体病，因为这三种疾病的流行地区重叠。
