Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
Plant Cell Environ. 2010 Apr;33(4):612-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02086.x. Epub 2009 Nov 24.
Soil salinity decreases the growth rate of plants and can severely limit the productivity of crop plants. The ability to tolerate salinity stress differs widely between species of plants as well as within species. As an important component of salinity tolerance, a better understanding of the mechanisms of Na(+) transport will assist in the development of plants with improved salinity tolerance and, importantly, might lead to increased yields from crop plants growing in challenging environments. This review summarizes the current understanding of the components of Na(+) transport in glycophytic plants, including those at the soil to root interface, transport of Na(+) to the xylem, control of Na(+) loading in the stele and partitioning of the accumulated Na(+) within the shoot and individual cells. Using this knowledge, strategies to modify Na(+) transport and engineer plant salinity tolerance, as well as areas of research which merit particular attention in order to further improve the understanding of salinity tolerance in plants, are discussed.
土壤盐度降低了植物的生长速度，并严重限制了作物的生产力。植物物种之间以及同一物种内对盐胁迫的耐受能力差异很大。作为耐盐性的重要组成部分，更好地理解 Na(+) 运输的机制将有助于开发具有更好耐盐性的植物，重要的是，可能会提高在具有挑战性环境中生长的作物的产量。本综述总结了盐生植物 Na(+) 运输成分的现有认识，包括土壤到根界面、Na(+) 向木质部的运输、茎内 Na(+) 装载的控制以及积累的 Na(+) 在地上部和单个细胞内的分配。利用这些知识，可以制定改变 Na(+) 运输和工程植物耐盐性的策略，以及讨论值得特别关注的研究领域，以便进一步提高对植物耐盐性的理解。
