Department of Neurological Surgery and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 545 Barnhill Drive, Emerson 141, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5124, USA.
Brain Res. 2010 Feb 8;1313:34-44. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.11.081. Epub 2009 Dec 5.
The relationship between fiber tract formation and transverse and longitudinal borders of the diencephalon was investigated in Alligator embryos beginning when this structure was a single unit and continuing until internal subgroups were present within individual segments. At all stages of development, distinct bundles of fibers were not restricted to borders between morphological segments nor were they located at the alar/basal plate boundary. With the exception of a few fine fibers that occupied only a part of certain inter-diencephalic boundaries, fiber tracts were present within the parenchyma of respective subdivisions. In the process of this analysis, fiber tract formation was also documented in the telencephalon, secondary prosencephalon, and midbrain during this period of early development. Fiber tracts were classified into three groups based on orientation: transverse; longitudinal; and commissural. At early stages of development, similarities between Alligator and other species suggest that these bundles represent a primary scaffold for all vertebrates with two exceptions. One was the presence of the descending tract of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus in Alligator and other jawed animals but not in jawless vertebrates. The other was the absence of the dorsoventral diencephalic tract in Alligator which lacks a pineal gland.
我们研究了扬子鳄胚胎时期神经丘脑横、纵边界与纤维束形成的关系。这一研究从神经丘脑尚未分化成独立结构的阶段开始,一直持续到神经丘脑内部各个亚区形成。在胚胎发育的各个阶段,明显的纤维束并不局限于形态学上的边界,也不在翼板/基板边界。除了少数仅占据某些神经丘脑内部边界一部分的细纤维束外,纤维束都位于各自细分区域的实质内。在这一分析过程中,我们还在大脑皮层、次级前脑和中脑的早期发育过程中记录了纤维束的形成。根据纤维束的方向,我们将其分为三类:横向、纵向和连合。在发育早期,扬子鳄和其他物种之间的相似性表明,这些纤维束代表了所有有颌类脊椎动物的主要支架,但有两个例外。一个是三叉神经运动核的下行束在扬子鳄和其他有颌类动物中存在,但在无颌脊椎动物中不存在。另一个是扬子鳄缺乏松果腺,因此不存在背腹向神经丘脑束。