Song Jae W, Haas Ann, Chung Kevin C
University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5340, USA.
J Hand Surg Am. 2009 Dec;34(10):1872-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2009.08.001.
During the 19th century, with the emergence of public health as a goal to improve hygiene and conditions of the poor, statistics established itself as a distinct scientific field important for critically interpreting studies of public health concerns. During the 20th century, statistics began to evolve mathematically and methodologically with hypothesis testing and experimental design. Today, much of medical investigation centers around clinical trials and observational studies, and with the application of statistical formulas, the collected data are summarized, weighed, interpreted, and presented to direct both physicians and the public toward evidence-based medicine. Having a basic understanding of statistics is mandatory in evaluating the validity of published literature and applying it to patient care. In this review, we discuss basic statistical tests to assist the investigator in choosing the correct statistical test and present examples relevant to hand surgery research.
在19世纪，随着公共卫生作为改善卫生条件和穷人状况的目标出现，统计学确立了自己作为一个独特科学领域的地位，对于批判性地解读公共卫生问题研究非常重要。在20世纪，统计学开始在数学和方法上随着假设检验和实验设计而发展。如今，许多医学研究围绕临床试验和观察性研究展开，通过应用统计公式，对收集到的数据进行汇总、权衡、解读并呈现出来，以引导医生和公众走向循证医学。在评估已发表文献的有效性并将其应用于患者护理时，对统计学有基本的了解是必不可少的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论基本的统计检验方法，以帮助研究者选择正确的统计检验，并给出与手外科研究相关的示例。
