Lapray J-F, Costa P, Delmas V, Haab F
Centre de radiologie, 151 avenue de Saxe, 69003 Lyon, France.
Prog Urol. 2009 Dec;19(13):947-52. doi: 10.1016/j.purol.2009.09.017. Epub 2009 Oct 24.
Dynamic ultrasound, especially perineal and introital, allows the appreciation of the prolapses (cystoptosis, bladder neck and urethral mobility,enterocele, rectocele). It remains, however, clearly more limited in the precise study of posterior colpoceles, and especially in anorectal disorders, than colpocystodefecography or dynamic MRI. Endoanal ultrasound is the first line morphological examination of the anal sphincter. Perineal and introital ultrasound examinations are useful to appreciate certain complications with suburethral tape and pelvic mesh. For an appreciaton of the morphology of the pelvis and post-mictional residual, the ultrasound remains the first line examination. Pelvic and endovaginal ultrasounds should be systematic, in the absence of MRI, in the presurgical assessment of a prolapse: checks for an ovarian lesion or endrometrial cancer (obesity being a risk factor in the menopaused woman), evaluation of uterine volume in the younger woman.
动态超声，尤其是会阴和阴道入口超声，可用于评估脱垂情况（膀胱膨出、膀胱颈和尿道活动度、肠膨出、直肠膨出）。然而，与阴道膀胱直肠造影或动态磁共振成像相比，它在精确研究后阴道膨出，尤其是肛门直肠疾病方面明显更受限制。肛管超声是肛门括约肌的一线形态学检查方法。会阴和阴道入口超声检查有助于评估尿道下吊带和盆腔网片的某些并发症。对于评估骨盆形态和排尿后残余尿量，超声仍是一线检查方法。在没有磁共振成像的情况下，盆腔和经阴道超声检查在脱垂手术前评估中应成为常规检查：检查卵巢病变或子宫内膜癌（肥胖是绝经后女性的一个风险因素），评估年轻女性的子宫体积。
