Rever L J, Manson P N, Randolph M A, Yaremchuk M J, Weiland A, Siegel J H
Division of Plastic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1991 Mar;87(3):451-8. doi: 10.1097/00006534-199103000-00009.
The mechanism of healing of facial bone fractures was investigated in a rabbit model. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits underwent surgically induced fractures of the right infraorbital rim and fracture ostectomies (4 to 5 mm) of the left infraorbital rim. Animals were sacrificed 2, 4, and 8 weeks postfracture. Bone, including periosteum, obtained from each fracture or fracture osteoctomy site was divided longitudinally for hematoxylin and eosin staining, fluorescent microscopy, microangiography, and microradiography. Sequential fluorochrome labels of oxytetracycline (30 mg/kg), alizarin complexone (30 mg/kg), DCAF (20 mg/kg), and xylenol orange (90 mg/kg) were administered 24 hours preoperatively and at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks postfracture. All fracture and fracture ostectomy sites demonstrated vascular ingrowth, mineralization, and woven bone formation by 2 to 4 weeks postoperatively, beginning with a cartilage precursor. Subsequently, the woven bone was replaced with remodeled lamellar bone, resulting in complete bony healing by 8 weeks postoperatively. These steps were substantiated by microscopic, microradiographic, and radiologic examination of the specimens. This study demonstrates that fractures of the facial bones in a rabbit model heal by a process of new bone formation that resembles secondary union in endochondral bones.
在兔模型中研究了面部骨折的愈合机制。12只新西兰白兔接受了手术诱导的右眶下缘骨折以及左眶下缘骨折截骨术（4至5毫米）。在骨折后2周、4周和8周处死动物。从每个骨折或骨折截骨部位获取的包括骨膜的骨组织纵向剖开，用于苏木精和伊红染色、荧光显微镜检查、微血管造影和微放射摄影。术前24小时以及骨折后1周、2周、4周和8周依次给予土霉素（30毫克/千克）、茜素氨羧络合剂（30毫克/千克）、二氯荧光素（20毫克/千克）和二甲苯酚橙（90毫克/千克）进行荧光色素标记。术后2至4周，所有骨折和骨折截骨部位均显示有血管长入、矿化和编织骨形成，起始于软骨前体。随后，编织骨被重塑的板层骨替代，术后8周实现完全骨愈合。这些步骤通过对标本的显微镜检查、微放射摄影和放射学检查得到证实。本研究表明，兔模型中的面部骨折通过类似于软骨内骨的二期愈合的新骨形成过程愈合。
