体外性能评估的远端保护过滤器：脉动流条件。
In vitro performance assessment of distal protection filters: pulsatile flow conditions.
机构信息
Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
出版信息
J Endovasc Ther. 2009 Dec;16(6):735-43. doi: 10.1583/09-2874.1.
PURPOSE
To evaluate in vitro the capture efficiency of a distal protection filter (DPF) used during carotid artery stenting and examine the longitudinal vascular impedance in the presence of a DPF.
METHODS
Four approved DPFs (Spider RX, FilterWire EZ, RX Accunet, and FiberNet) were evaluated in a physiologically realistic in vitro setup. A pulsatile programmable piston pump circulated a blood analog at a time-varying flow rate representative of the human common carotid artery. A silicone carotid bifurcation having average human dimensions was used for the carotid flow model. Microspheres ranging from 40 to 900 microm were injected to simulate embolization. The longitudinal vascular impedance was calculated as the ratio of the time-varying pressure gradient across the DPF to the time-varying flow rate in the internal carotid artery.
RESULTS
RX Accunet had the highest capture efficiency (99.4%) and Spider RX the lowest (78.1%). Spider RX increased the longitudinal vascular impedance the least after deployment (+23%), while FilterWire EZ increased the longitudinal vascular impedance the least after particles were injected (+29%). FiberNet increased longitudinal vascular impedance the most (+84%).
CONCLUSION
This investigation, unique for examining the effects of physiologically realistic pulsatile flow on DPF performance, can aid in the development of future generations of novel DPFs.
目的
评估在颈动脉支架置入术中使用的远端保护过滤器（DPF）的捕获效率，并研究存在 DPF 时的纵向血管阻抗。
方法
在生理现实的体外设置中评估了四个经过批准的 DPF（Spider RX、FilterWire EZ、RX Accunet 和 FiberNet）。脉动可编程活塞泵以代表人体颈总动脉的时变流速循环血液模拟物。使用具有平均人体尺寸的硅酮颈动脉分叉来模拟颈动脉血流模型。注射 40 至 900 微米的微球来模拟栓塞。将 DPF 两端的时变压力梯度与颈内动脉的时变流速之比计算为纵向血管阻抗。
结果
RX Accunet 的捕获效率最高（99.4%），Spider RX 最低（78.1%）。Spider RX 部署后对纵向血管阻抗的影响最小（增加 23%），而 FilterWire EZ 注射颗粒后对纵向血管阻抗的影响最小（增加 29%）。FiberNet 对纵向血管阻抗的影响最大（增加 84%）。
结论
这项独特的研究，用于检查生理现实的脉动流对 DPF 性能的影响，可以帮助开发新一代新型 DPF。
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