University of York, UK.
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2010 Jan;38(1):67-81. doi: 10.1017/S1352465809990452.
In the UK, bibliotherapy schemes have become a widespread source of support for people with common mental health disorders such as depression. However, the current evidence suggests that bibliotherapy schemes that are offered without guidance are not effective. It may be possible to improve the effectiveness of self-help books by incorporating into them some of the "common factors" that operate in personal therapeutic encounters, for example therapist responsiveness.
The aim was to test whether and to what extent authors have incorporated common factors into self-help books.
A model of how common factors might be incorporated into CBT-based self-help books was developed and a sample of three books were examined against the model criteria.
The sampled self-help books were found to have common factors to a greater or lesser extent, but some types of common factors were more prevalent than others. Factors addressing the development and maintenance of the therapeutic alliance were less often apparent.
Self-help books have the potential to provide a valuable service to people with depression, but further work is necessary to develop them. It is suggested that future generations of self-help books should pay explicit attention to the use of common factors, in particular developing and investigating how factors such as flexibility, responsiveness and alliance-rupture repair can be woven into the text.
在英国，阅读疗法计划已成为支持常见心理健康障碍（如抑郁症）患者的广泛支持来源。然而，目前的证据表明，没有指导的阅读疗法计划并不有效。通过将个人治疗中起作用的一些“共同因素”（例如治疗师的反应性）纳入自助书籍中，可能会提高自助书籍的有效性。
旨在测试作者是否以及在何种程度上将共同因素纳入自助书籍中。
开发了一个将共同因素纳入基于认知行为疗法的自助书籍的模型，并根据模型标准检查了三本书的样本。
抽样的自助书籍在不同程度上具有共同因素，但某些类型的共同因素比其他因素更为普遍。针对治疗联盟的发展和维持的因素则不那么明显。
自助书籍有可能为抑郁症患者提供有价值的服务，但需要进一步开发。建议新一代自助书籍应特别注意共同因素的使用，特别是开发和研究如何将灵活性、反应性和联盟破裂修复等因素编织到文本中。
