Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory for Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Dec 23;131(50):17998-8015. doi: 10.1021/ja907432p.
In this Perspective, 4D electron imaging is highlighted, after introducing some concepts, with an overview of selected applications that span chemical reactions, molecular interfaces, phase transitions, and nano(micro)mechanical systems. With the added dimension of time in microscopy, diffraction, and electron-energy-loss spectroscopy, the focus is on direct visualization of structural dynamics with atomic and nanoscale resolution in the four dimensions of space and time. This contribution provides an expose of emerging developments and an outlook on future applications in materials and biological sciences.
在本观点文章中，介绍了一些概念后，重点介绍了 4D 电子成象在化学反 应、分子界面、相变和纳（微）机械系统等方面的一些选 用应用。通过在显微镜、衍射和电子能量损失光谱学中增 加时间维度，焦点在于以原子和纳米级分辨率直接观察 结构动力学在空间和时间的四个维度上的动态。本文提 供了新兴发展的概述，并展望了材料和生物科学未来的 应用。
