Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2009 Dec;126(6):3168-78. doi: 10.1121/1.3238233.
The influence of single temporal portions of a sound on global annoyance and loudness judgments was measured using perceptual weight analysis. The stimuli were 900-ms noise samples randomly changing in level every 100 ms. For loudness judgments, Pedersen and Ellermeier [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123, 963-972 (2008)] found that listeners attach greater weight to the beginning and ending than to the middle of a stimulus. Qualitatively similar weights were expected for annoyance. Annoyance and loudness judgments were obtained from 12 listeners in a two-interval forced-choice task. The results demonstrated a primacy effect for the temporal weighting of both annoyance and loudness. However, a significant recency effect was observed only for annoyance. Potential explanations of these weighting patterns are discussed. Goodness-of-fit analysis showed that the prediction of annoyance and loudness can be improved by allowing a non-uniform weighting of single temporal portions of the signal, rather than assuming a uniform weighting as in measures like the energy-equivalent level (L(eq)). A second experiment confirmed that the listeners were capable of separating annoyance and loudness of the stimuli. Noises with the same L(eq) but different amplitude modulation depths were judged to differ in annoyance but not in loudness.
使用感知权重分析测量了声音的单个时间部分对整体烦恼度和响度判断的影响。刺激为 900 毫秒的噪声样本，每隔 100 毫秒随机改变电平。对于响度判断，Pedersen 和 Ellermeier [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123, 963-972 (2008)] 发现听众对刺激的开始和结束赋予的权重比中间部分更大。预计烦恼度也会出现类似的定性权重。12 位听众在两间隔强制选择任务中进行了烦恼度和响度判断。结果表明，烦恼度和响度的时间权重都存在首因效应。然而，仅在烦恼度上观察到显著的近因效应。讨论了这些权重模式的潜在解释。拟合优度分析表明，通过允许信号的单个时间部分的非均匀加权，而不是像能量等效水平 (L(eq)) 等度量中那样假设均匀加权，可以提高对烦恼度和响度的预测。第二个实验证实，听众能够区分刺激的烦恼度和响度。具有相同 L(eq)但不同幅度调制深度的噪声被判断为在烦恼度上不同，但在响度上没有差异。
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