Acoustics Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 24;18(17):8893. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18178893.
This paper presents the results of a study evaluating the human perception of the noise produced by four different small quadcopter unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This study utilised measurements and recordings of the noise produced by the quadcopter UAVs in hover and in constant-speed flight at a fixed altitude. Measurements made using a ½″ microphone were used to calculate a range of different noise metrics for each noise event. Noise recordings were also made using a spherical microphone array (an Eigenmike system). The recordings were reproduced using a 3D sound reproduction system installed in a large anechoic chamber located at The University of Auckland. Thirty-seven participants were subjected to the recordings and asked to rate their levels of annoyance in response to the noise, and asked to perform a simple cognitive task in order to assess the level of distraction caused by the noise. This study discusses the noise levels measured during the test and how the various noise metrics relate to the annoyance ratings. It was found that annoyance strongly correlates with the sound pressure level and loudness metrics, and that there is a very strong correlation between the annoyance caused by a UAV in hover and in flyby at the same height. While some significant differences between the distraction caused by the UAV noise for different cases were observed in the cognitive distraction test, the results were inconclusive. This was likely due to a ceiling effect observed in the participants' test scores.
本文介绍了一项评估人类对四种不同小型四旋翼无人机（UAV）产生噪声感知的研究结果。本研究利用在悬停和固定高度匀速飞行时的噪声测量和记录，计算了每个噪声事件的一系列不同噪声指标。还使用球形麦克风阵列（Eigenmike 系统）进行了噪声记录。使用安装在奥克兰大学大型消声室中的 3D 声音再现系统再现了这些记录。37 名参与者对记录进行了评估，并要求他们根据噪声水平对其感到的烦恼程度进行评级，并要求他们执行一个简单的认知任务，以评估噪声引起的分心程度。本研究讨论了测试期间测量的噪声水平，以及各种噪声指标与烦恼程度的关系。结果发现，烦恼与声压级和响度指标强烈相关，并且在相同高度悬停和飞越时，无人机产生的烦恼之间存在很强的相关性。虽然在认知干扰测试中观察到不同情况下无人机噪声引起的干扰存在一些显著差异，但结果不确定。这可能是由于参与者的测试分数中观察到的上限效应。
