State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
HIV Med. 2010 Apr;11(4):253-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2009.00770.x. Epub 2009 Dec 3.
The aim of the study was to investigate the psychological status and the psychosocial experiences of HIV-positive people using Symptom Check List 90 (SCL-90) in eastern China.
Two hundred and fourteen HIV-positive people and 200 controls were recruited to the study. Participants were given an anonymous questionnaire which included questions pertaining to demography, SCL-90 and psychosocial experiences.
The mean subscale scores for SCL-90 in the HIV-positive group were all higher than those of the control group (P<0.001), especially for depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and hostility. Female HIV-positive individuals had significantly higher depression and anxiety scores (P<0.05) and more scores higher than 2.0 than male HIV-positive individuals. The average number of subscales with mean scores higher than 2.0 was 4.1 for female HIV-positive individuals and 3.7 for male HIV-positive individuals. The most common psychosocial experiences related to HIV infection were fear (36.9%) and helplessness (31.8%). 90.2% of HIV-positive people would not tell others about their disease because of fear of discrimination against family members (42.2%), exclusion by community members (26.9%) and abandonment (23.3%). Discrimination from acquaintances (38.8%) was a main stressor in the HIV-positive individuals' daily life. Most members of HIV-positive individuals' communities expressed negative attitudes: alienation, coldness, aversion and fear. 38.3% of the HIV-positive participants reported that their family members had been discriminated against.
The results demonstrate that HIV-positive people in eastern China live in a negative psychosocial environment and suffer from psychological distress. It is necessary to provide psychological interventions for people living with AIDS and to educate community members in order to improve the psychosocial environment.
本研究旨在使用症状自评量表 90（SCL-90）调查中国东部地区 HIV 阳性人群的心理状况和心理社会体验。
本研究招募了 214 名 HIV 阳性者和 200 名对照者。参与者接受了匿名问卷调查，其中包括人口统计学、SCL-90 和心理社会体验相关问题。
HIV 阳性组的 SCL-90 各因子分均高于对照组（P<0.001），尤其是抑郁、焦虑、强迫症状和敌对。女性 HIV 阳性个体的抑郁和焦虑得分显著高于男性（P<0.05），且得分高于 2.0 的比例也高于男性。女性 HIV 阳性个体中，平均有 4.1 个因子分高于 2.0，男性为 3.7。最常见的与 HIV 感染相关的心理社会体验是恐惧（36.9%）和无助（31.8%）。由于担心家庭成员受到歧视（42.2%）、被社区成员排斥（26.9%）和被遗弃（23.3%），90.2%的 HIV 阳性者不会向他人透露自己的病情。熟人的歧视（38.8%）是 HIV 阳性个体日常生活中的主要压力源。HIV 阳性个体所在社区的大多数成员表示出消极的态度：疏远、冷漠、厌恶和恐惧。38.3%的 HIV 阳性参与者报告其家庭成员受到歧视。
研究结果表明，中国东部地区的 HIV 阳性人群生活在消极的心理社会环境中，承受着心理困扰。有必要为艾滋病患者提供心理干预，并对社区成员进行教育，以改善心理社会环境。
