Kennedy C A, Skurnick J H, Foley M, Louria D B
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School-Department of Preventive Medicine, Newark 07103, USA.
AIDS Care. 1995;7 Suppl 1:S33-8. doi: 10.1080/09540129550126803.
In order to determine the effect of family support on the psychological well-being of heterosexual couples with at least one HIV-seropositive, family support data were obtained from couples, who were separately interviewed. Two hundred heterosexuals were interviewed (97 males, 103 females). 182 were partners in HIV serodiscordant couples (18 members were in 10 couples concordant for HIV-seropositivity). Overall, there were 76 HIV+ males and 30 HIV+ females. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) was used to measure psychological distress. Sixty-five per cent of the subjects had family members aware of partners' HIV infection, but only 50% of aware families were reported as supportive. Family support was not a significant predictor of distress. Gender was the most significant predictor of psychological distress as measured by the BSI subscales. Both HIV positive and HIV negative females had more distress than their male counterparts on several dimensions (somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety and paranoia), and on the General Severity Index (GSI) of the BSI (HIV-positives: p = 0.003; HIV-negatives: p = 0.01). Despite the general lack of association of family support with psychological distress, women in couples affected by HIV had more distress than men. The mental health needs of women clearly differ from men, and continued gender comparisons should be done to develop appropriate and effective interventions for these groups.
为了确定家庭支持对至少一方为艾滋病毒血清阳性的异性恋伴侣心理健康的影响，研究从伴侣双方分别接受访谈的夫妇那里获取了家庭支持数据。共访谈了200名异性恋者（97名男性，103名女性）。其中182人是艾滋病毒血清学不一致夫妇的一方（10对艾滋病毒血清阳性一致的夫妇中有18名成员）。总体而言，有76名艾滋病毒阳性男性和30名艾滋病毒阳性女性。使用简明症状量表（BSI）来测量心理困扰。65%的受试者有家庭成员知晓其伴侣感染艾滋病毒，但据报告只有50%知晓情况的家庭给予支持。家庭支持并非心理困扰的显著预测因素。根据BSI分量表测量，性别是心理困扰最显著的预测因素。在几个维度（躯体化、强迫观念与强迫行为、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧焦虑和偏执）以及BSI的总体严重程度指数（GSI）方面，艾滋病毒阳性和阴性女性都比男性有更多困扰（艾滋病毒阳性：p = 0.003；艾滋病毒阴性：p = 0.01）。尽管家庭支持总体上与心理困扰缺乏关联，但受艾滋病毒影响的夫妇中女性比男性有更多困扰。女性的心理健康需求显然与男性不同，应该持续进行性别比较，以便为这些群体制定合适且有效的干预措施。
