Haxby J V, Grady C L, Horwitz B, Ungerleider L G, Mishkin M, Carson R E, Herscovitch P, Schapiro M B, Rapoport S I
Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Mar 1;88(5):1621-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.5.1621.
The existence and neuroanatomical locations of separate extrastriate visual pathways for object recognition and spatial localization were investigated in healthy young men. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by positron emission tomography and bolus injections of H2(15)O, while subjects performed face matching, dot-location matching, or sensorimotor control tasks. Both visual matching tasks activated lateral occipital cortex. Face discrimination alone activated a region of occipitotemporal cortex that was anterior and inferior to the occipital area activated by both tasks. The spatial location task alone activated a region of lateral superior parietal cortex. Perisylvian and anterior temporal cortices were not activated by either task. These results demonstrate the existence of three functionally dissociable regions of human visual extrastriate cortex. The ventral and dorsal locations of the regions specialized for object recognition and spatial localization, respectively, suggest some homology between human and nonhuman primate extrastriate cortex, with displacement in human brain, possibly related to the evolution of phylogenetically newer cortical areas.
在健康年轻男性中，研究了用于物体识别和空间定位的独立视外皮层视觉通路的存在及其神经解剖位置。通过正电子发射断层扫描和静脉注射H2(15)O来测量局部脑血流量，同时让受试者执行面部匹配、点位置匹配或感觉运动控制任务。两项视觉匹配任务均激活了枕外侧皮层。仅面部辨别激活了枕颞叶皮层的一个区域，该区域位于两项任务激活的枕叶区域的前下方。仅空间定位任务激活了外侧顶上叶皮层的一个区域。两项任务均未激活颞周和颞前皮层。这些结果证明了人类视外皮层存在三个功能可分离的区域。分别专门用于物体识别和空间定位的区域的腹侧和背侧位置，表明人类和非人类灵长类动物视外皮层之间存在一些同源性，在人类大脑中发生了移位，这可能与系统发育上新的皮层区域的进化有关。
