[摩洛哥卡萨布兰卡市一群赌徒样本中病理性赌博的频率及风险因素]

Berrada S, Rachidi L, El Gnaoui S, Agoub M, Moussaoui D, Battas O

Centre psychiatrique universitaire Ibn Rochd, rue Tarik Ibn Ziad, Casablanca, Maroc.

Encephale. 2009 Dec;35(6):554-9. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2008.08.003.

INTRODUCTION

Pathological gambling is a major psychiatric disorder and a public health problem that has gained a lot of attention in the last few years. The problems caused by gambling are increasingly serious. The prevalence of pathological or compulsive gambling varies from 0.8 to 2% in Europe, Canada and the USA.

AIM OF THE STUDY

A study has been conducted in different gambling spots in Casablanca to measure the frequency of pathological gambling in Morocco and to determine the risk factors and the socio-cultural factors associated with it.

DESIGN OF THE STUDY

The collection of data was conducted in the most frequented gambling spots. The first part of the questionnaire permitted the gathering of the sociodemographic characteristics and drug addictions as well as the psychiatric and legal histories. The detection and diagnosis of pathological gambling was conducted using through the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOCS) questionnaire, which has been translated to Arabic to suit the needs of the study. PARTICIPANTS IN THE STUDY: Two hundred men were retained out of the 243 interviewed, which represent a participation rate of 82%. The frequency of pathological gambling among a population of gamblers is 53%. The mean age of the sample was 42.3 more or less 10.70 years. Thirty-six percent of those interviewed had a monthly income of less than 2000 dirhams (200 euros). Horse and greyhound racing were the most popular forms of gambling among those interviewed, with rates of 91 and 60% respectively. Individuals with an educational level of no more than primary school, a monthly income of less than 5000 dirhams (500 euros), a personal psychiatric history, and a drug addiction, are most risky to be pathological gamblers.

CONCLUSION

The topic pathological gambling has been studied very little in Arab and Islamic countries, and it is necessary to conduct larger epidemiological studies on the general population to inquire about its prevalence, risk factors as well as its psychiatric characteristics.

引言

病理性赌博是一种主要的精神疾病和公共卫生问题，在过去几年中受到了广泛关注。赌博引发的问题日益严重。在欧洲、加拿大和美国，病理性或强迫性赌博的患病率在0.8%至2%之间。

研究目的

在卡萨布兰卡的不同赌博场所进行了一项研究，以测量摩洛哥病理性赌博的频率，并确定与之相关的风险因素和社会文化因素。

研究设计

在最常光顾的赌博场所收集数据。问卷的第一部分用于收集社会人口统计学特征、药物成瘾情况以及精神病史和法律史。通过南橡树赌博筛查（SOCS）问卷进行病理性赌博的检测和诊断，该问卷已翻译成阿拉伯语以满足研究需要。

研究参与者

在接受采访的243人中，有200名男性被纳入研究，参与率为82%。赌徒群体中病理性赌博的频率为53%。样本的平均年龄为42.3岁，上下浮动10.70岁。36%的受访者月收入低于2000迪拉姆（200欧元）。赛马和赛狗是受访者中最受欢迎的赌博形式，参与率分别为91%和60%。教育程度不超过小学、月收入低于5000迪拉姆（500欧元）、有个人精神病史和药物成瘾的人最有可能成为病理性赌徒。