Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille DIMAR, UMR CNRS 6540, Station Marine d'Endoume rue de la batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France.
Mar Environ Res. 2010 May;69(4):262-75. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2009.11.009. Epub 2009 Nov 26.
The present study shows how marine commercial fish food webs dramatically changed in the north-western Black Sea on both pelagic and benthic environments. Fisheries landings, diversity and equitability strongly decreased between 1965-1970 and 2001-2005. Fishes adapted their feeding behaviour to the increasingly low species diversity of the Black Sea communities. Their food web became poor and simplified following the loss of many top predator species and their trophic links. Linkage density, connectivity and Lyapunov stability proxy strongly decreased. The north-western Black Sea system switched from a complex top-down and bottom-up functioning pattern to a dominantly bottom-up functioning pattern. This study contributes to a better understanding of these transformations within the Danube-Black Sea system in the last decades. An attempt is made to relate these changes with river inputs, fisheries and coastal pollution.
本研究表明，西北黑海的海洋商业鱼类食物网在表层和底层环境中都发生了巨大变化。1965-1970 年至 2001-2005 年间，渔业捕捞量、多样性和均匀度大幅下降。鱼类适应了黑海社区中不断降低的物种多样性，改变了摄食行为。随着许多顶级捕食者及其营养联系的丧失，食物网变得贫瘠和简化。链接密度、连通性和 Lyapunov 稳定性指标显著下降。西北黑海系统从一个复杂的自上而下和自下而上的功能模式转变为主要的自下而上的功能模式。本研究有助于更好地理解过去几十年多瑙河-黑海系统内的这些变化。尝试将这些变化与河流输入、渔业和沿海污染联系起来。
