Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2010 Feb;298(2):H587-93. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00975.2009. Epub 2009 Dec 11.
Activation of the beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) or the prostacyclin receptor (IPR) results in increases in cAMP and ATP release from erythrocytes. cAMP levels depend on a balance between synthesis via adenylyl cyclase and hydrolysis by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Previously, we reported that cAMP increases associated with activation of the beta-AR and IPR in rabbit and human erythrocytes are tightly regulated by distinct PDEs. Importantly, inhibitors of these PDEs potentiated both increases in cAMP and ATP release. It has been shown that increases in protein kinase (PK) activity can activate PDE3 and PDE4. Both PKA and PKC are present in the erythrocyte and can phosphorylate and activate these PDEs. Here we investigate the hypothesis that PKA regulates PDE activity associated with the beta-AR and both PKA and PKC regulate the PDE activity associated with the IPR in rabbit erythrocytes. Pretreatment of erythrocytes with the PKA inhibitor, H89 (10 microM), in the presence of the PDE4 inhibitor, rolipram (10 microM), augmented isoproterenol (1 microM)-induced cAMP increases. In contrast, in the presence of the PDE3 inhibitor, cilostazol (10 microM), pretreatment of erythrocytes with either H89 (1 microM) or two chemically dissimilar inhibitors of PKC, calphostin C (1 microM) or GFX109203X (1 microM), potentiated iloprost (1 microM)-induced cAMP increases. Furthermore, pretreatment of erythrocytes with both H89 and GFX109203X in the presence of cilostazol augmented the iloprost-induced increases in cAMP to a greater extent than either PK inhibitor individually. These results support the hypothesis that PDEs associated with receptor-mediated increases in cAMP in rabbit erythrocytes are regulated by kinases specific to the receptor's signaling pathway.
β-肾上腺素能受体(β-AR)或前列环素受体(IPR)的激活导致红细胞中环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的释放增加。cAMP 水平取决于通过腺苷酸环化酶合成和通过磷酸二酯酶(PDEs)水解之间的平衡。以前,我们报道过兔和人红细胞中β-AR 和 IPR 激活相关的 cAMP 增加受到不同 PDE 的严格调节。重要的是,这些 PDE 的抑制剂增强了 cAMP 和 ATP 释放的增加。已经表明,蛋白激酶(PK)活性的增加可以激活 PDE3 和 PDE4。PKA 和 PKC 都存在于红细胞中,可以磷酸化并激活这些 PDE。在这里,我们研究了以下假设:PKA 调节与β-AR 相关的 PDE 活性,PKA 和 PKC 都调节与兔红细胞中 IPR 相关的 PDE 活性。在 PDE4 抑制剂罗利普兰(10μM)存在的情况下,用 PKA 抑制剂 H89(10μM)预处理红细胞,增强了异丙肾上腺素(1μM)诱导的 cAMP 增加。相比之下,在 PDE3 抑制剂西洛他唑(10μM)存在的情况下,用 H89(1μM)或两种化学上不同的 PKC 抑制剂钙泊三醇(1μM)或 GFX109203X(1μM)预处理红细胞,增强了依前列醇(1μM)诱导的 cAMP 增加。此外,在西洛他唑存在的情况下,用 H89 和 GFX109203X 预处理红细胞,增强了依前列醇诱导的 cAMP 增加,比单独使用任何一种 PK 抑制剂的程度都更大。这些结果支持这样的假设,即与兔红细胞中受体介导的 cAMP 增加相关的 PDE 受特定于受体信号通路的激酶调节。