University of Reading, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, PO Box 237, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AR, United Kingdom.
Poult Sci. 2010 Jan;89(1):150-9. doi: 10.3382/ps.2009-00232.
Human consumption of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) is below recommendations, and enriching chicken meat (by incorporating LC n-3 PUFA into broiler diets) is a viable means of increasing consumption. Fish oil is the most common LC n-3 PUFA supplement used but is unsustainable and reduces the oxidative stability of the mat. The objective of this experiment was to compare fresh fish oil (FFO) with fish oil encapsulated (EFO) in a gelatin matrix (to maintain its oxidative stability) and algal biomass at a low (LAG, 11), medium (MAG, 22), or high (HAG, 33 g/kg of diet) level of inclusion. The C22:6n-3 contents of the FFO, EFO, and MAG diets were equal. A control (CON) diet using blended vegetable oil was also made. As-hatched 1-d-old Ross 308 broilers (144) were reared (21 d) on a common starter diet then allocated to treatment pens (4 pens per treatment, 6 birds per pen) and fed treatment diets for 21 d before being slaughtered. Breast and leg meat was analyzed (per pen) for fatty acids, and cooked samples (2 pens per treatment) were analyzed for volatile aldehydes. Concentrations (mg/100 g of meat) of C20:5n-3, C22:5n-3, and C22:6n-3 were (respectively) CON: 4, 15, 24; FFO: 31, 46, 129; EFO: 18, 27, 122; LAG: 9, 19, 111; MAG: 6, 16, 147; and HAG: 9, 14, 187 (SEM: 2.4, 3.6, 13.1) in breast meat and CON: 4, 12, 9; FFO: 58, 56, 132; EFO: 63, 49, 153; LAG: 13, 14, 101; MAG: 11, 15, 102; HAG: 37, 37, 203 (SEM: 7.8, 6.7, 14.4) in leg meat. Cooked EFO and HAG leg meat was more oxidized (5.2 mg of hexanal/kg of meat) than the other meats (mean 2.2 mg/kg, SEM 0.63). It is concluded that algal biomass is as effective as fish oil at enriching broiler diets with C22:6 LC n-3 PUFA, and at equal C22:6n-3 contents, there is no significant difference between these 2 supplements on the oxidative stability of the meat that is produced.
人类对长链 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (LC n-3 PUFA) 的摄入量低于推荐量，而在肉鸡饲料中添加 LC n-3 PUFA（如将其掺入肉鸡日粮中）是增加摄入量的一种可行方法。鱼油是最常用的 LC n-3 PUFA 补充剂，但它不可持续，会降低基质的氧化稳定性。本实验的目的是比较新鲜鱼油 (FFO)、鱼油包被物 (EFO) 和明胶基质中的藻生物质 (以保持其氧化稳定性)，分别以低 (LAG，11)、中 (MAG，22) 和高 (HAG，33 g/kg 日粮) 的水平添加。FFO、EFO 和 MAG 日粮中的 C22:6n-3 含量相等。还使用混合植物油制作了对照 (CON) 饮食。从孵化后 1 天龄的罗斯 308 肉鸡 (144 只) 开始育雏 (21 天)，然后在共同的起始日粮上进行饲养，然后将其分配到处理栏 (每个处理 4 个栏，每个栏 6 只鸡)，并在 21 天的饲养期后喂给处理日粮，然后进行屠宰。对每只鸡的胸肉和腿肉进行脂肪酸分析，并对每 2 个处理的烹饪样本进行挥发性醛分析。胸肉中 C20:5n-3、C22:5n-3 和 C22:6n-3 的浓度（mg/100 g 肉）分别为 CON：4、15、24；FFO：31、46、129；EFO：18、27、122；LAG：9、19、111；MAG：6、16、147；HAG：9、14、187（SEM：2.4、3.6、13.1），CON：4、12、9；FFO：58、56、132；EFO：63、49、153；LAG：13、14、101；MAG：11、15、102；HAG：37、37、203（SEM：7.8、6.7、14.4）。腿肉中的熟 EFO 和 HAG 肉的氧化程度（5.2 mg 己醛/kg 肉）高于其他肉（平均 2.2 mg/kg，SEM 0.63）。综上所述，藻生物质与鱼油一样有效，可以在肉鸡日粮中添加 C22:6LC n-3 PUFA，并且在 C22:6n-3 含量相等的情况下，这两种补充剂对所产生的肉的氧化稳定性没有显著差异。
