Animal and Poultry Production Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 17;13(1):20179. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47356-6.
Adding oil to the feed of genetically improved broilers is necessary to provide energy requirements, in addition to enhancing metabolism, growth performance, immune response. This study aims to reveal the effect of adding different oil sources in the diets of broilers exposed to environmental heat stress on performance, digestibility, oxidative status, plasma lipids, fatty acids content, and meat quality. Six hundred twenty-five one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed to five groups as follows: the first group fed a diet without oil (CON) as a control, while the second to the fifth group fed a diet containing soy oil (SO), corn oil (CO), olive oil (OO), and fish oil (FO), respectively. Results indicated a significant deterioration in growth performance, carcass traits, and oxidative state with a significant decrease in carcass quality in heat-stressed chickens fed the CON diet. Results showed increased growth, enhanced feed conversion ratio, and carcass dressing in broilers fed the oil-supplemented diet compared to the control diet, however, the digestive enzymes activity was not affected by receiving an oil-supplemented diet. The best performance was in chickens fed OO and SO, compared with FO and CO. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased in broilers fed an oil-supplemented diet. Plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) remarkably increased in broilers fed OO, whereas the malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased compared to the other groups. Adding different dietary oil sources enhanced the breast muscle's fatty acid composition. Broiler diets supplemented with oils positively affected meat quality by enhancing color measurements, and TBA values, while the best were in chicken fed OO. It was concluded that adding dietary oil at 3% in the diets of broiler chicken exposed to environmental heat stress positively affected growth performance, enhanced oxidative status, and meat quality, best results were in broilers fed a diet that included olive oil.
在饲料中添加油以满足遗传改良肉鸡的能量需求，此外还能增强代谢、生长性能和免疫反应。本研究旨在揭示在环境热应激下，在肉鸡日粮中添加不同油源对性能、消化率、氧化状态、血浆脂质、脂肪酸含量和肉品质的影响。将 625 只 1 日龄肉鸡随机分为 5 组：第 1 组饲喂不含油的日粮（CON）作为对照，第 2 至 5 组分别饲喂含有豆油（SO）、玉米油（CO）、橄榄油（OO）和鱼油（FO）的日粮。结果表明，与 CON 组相比，热应激鸡饲喂 CON 日粮的生长性能、胴体性状和氧化状态显著恶化，胴体品质显著降低。结果表明，与 CON 组相比，添加油的日粮可提高肉鸡的生长、饲料转化率和胴体出肉率，但消化酶活性不受添加油的影响。在添加油的日粮中，OO 和 SO 组的性能最好，FO 和 CO 组的性能最差。添加油的日粮可提高肉鸡的血浆天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）。添加 OO 的日粮可显著提高肉鸡的血浆高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），而丙二醛（MDA）则低于其他各组。添加不同的日粮油源可增强胸肌的脂肪酸组成。添加油的日粮可改善肉鸡的肉质，通过提高肉色和 TBA 值，其中以添加 OO 的效果最好。综上所述，在环境热应激下的肉鸡日粮中添加 3%的油可显著提高生长性能、增强氧化状态和肉品质，以添加橄榄油的效果最好。
