Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Public Health. 2010 Dec;20(6):676-81. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckp201. Epub 2009 Dec 15.
Alongside work environment factors, interference between work and domestic life has been proposed as an important explanation for long-term sickness absence, particularly for women. The aim was to investigate the association between work-to-family interference, family-to-work interference and long-term sickness absence among women and men in different family- and work-related settings.
The study population was a random sample of 2867 gainfully employed adults in Sweden aged 25-50. In 2004, telephone interview data were collected that included questions about family, work and health. The outcome measure was having at least one spell of long-term sickness absence (>14 days) in 2005 based on social insurance register data. Associations were analysed by logistic regression.
Work-to-family interference was more common than family-to-work interference and more often reported by women. The overall associations with long-term sickness absence were weak. However, after adjustment for age and self-reported health, work-to-family interference was associated with long-term sick leave among men with higher socioeconomic status (odds ratio 2.87; 95% CI 1.36-6.07), and there was also a tendency to association among women bearing the main responsibility for housework and family (1.59; 0.99-2.54).
These findings suggest that work-to-family interference is associated with long-term sickness absence in the working population, but in a gender- and situation-specific manner. Hence, extensive work responsibilities for men, and probably extensive family responsibilities for women, could hamper the balance between work and family and increase the risk of long-term sick leave. Further studies are warranted within this area.
除了工作环境因素外，工作与家庭生活之间的干扰也被认为是导致长期病假的一个重要原因，尤其是对女性而言。本研究旨在探讨不同家庭和工作环境下，工作对家庭的干扰、家庭对工作的干扰与女性和男性长期病假之间的关系。
研究对象为瑞典年龄在 25-50 岁之间的 2867 名有酬就业成年人，为随机抽样人群。2004 年通过电话访谈收集了家庭、工作和健康相关问题的数据。以 2005 年的社会医疗保险登记数据为依据，将至少有一次 14 天以上长期病假的人定义为患病。采用逻辑回归分析关联。
工作对家庭的干扰比家庭对工作的干扰更为常见，且更多见于女性。与长期病假总体关联较弱。然而，在校正年龄和自我报告健康状况后，较高社会经济地位的男性（比值比 2.87，95%可信区间 1.36-6.07）和主要负责家务和家庭的女性（比值比 1.59，95%可信区间 0.99-2.54）中，工作对家庭的干扰与长期病假之间存在关联趋势。
这些发现表明，在工作人群中，工作对家庭的干扰与长期病假有关，但具有性别和情况特异性。因此，男性的工作责任繁重，女性的家庭责任繁重，可能会破坏工作与家庭之间的平衡，增加长期病假的风险。在该领域还需要进一步的研究。
