Saddichha Sahoo, Saxena Mukul Kumar, Pandey Vibha, Methuku Mithilesh
Division of Clinical Research, Emergency Management and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India.
J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2009 Sep;2(3):170-4. doi: 10.4103/0974-2700.55328.
Assam, with its capital in Dispur has one of the highest rates of infant and maternal mortality in India. Being under both tribal and hilly regions, it has lacked adequate healthcare and emergency services. We therefore aimed to conduct a cross-sectional survey of medical emergencies and identify various types of emergencies presenting to emergency departments, prior to launching emergency services across the state.
On a prospective basis and using a stratified random sampling design, all emergencies presenting to the three government hospitals in Guwahati, Assam, which handle 90% of all emergencies currently, were studied on specially designed datasheets in order to collect data. Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) were placed in the Casualty of the medical colleges and recorded all emergencies on the datasheet. The collected data was then analysed for stratification and mapping of emergencies. In addition, retrospective data for a period of 15 days was collected from the emergency case registers of all three hospitals and the adjoining district civil hospitals, in order to give a wider perspective of the nature of emergencies.
A total of 2169 emergencies were recorded over a seven-day prospective and fifteen-day retrospective period. Guwahati Medical College Hospital attended to majority of emergencies (42%), which were mainly of the nature of pregnancies (22.7%), accidents (12.2%) or assaults (15.4%) and fever related. Maximum emergencies also presented from the border districts, and occurred among young males in the age group of 19-45 years. Males were also more prone to accidents and assaults, while females presented with pregnancies as emergencies.
Potential emergency services need to target young pregnant females. Law and order needs to be also tightened in order to curb accidents and assaults among young males.
以迪斯布尔为首府的阿萨姆邦是印度婴儿和孕产妇死亡率最高的地区之一。由于地处部落地区和山区，该邦缺乏足够的医疗保健和急救服务。因此，我们旨在进行一项医疗紧急情况横断面调查，在全州推出急救服务之前，确定急诊科出现的各类紧急情况。
采用前瞻性研究，并使用分层随机抽样设计，对阿萨姆邦古瓦哈蒂市三家政府医院目前处理90%紧急情况的所有紧急病例进行研究，通过专门设计的数据表收集数据。急诊医疗技术人员（EMT）被安排在医学院的急诊室，将所有紧急情况记录在数据表上。然后对收集到的数据进行分析，以对紧急情况进行分层和绘图。此外，还从这三家医院以及毗邻地区民用医院的急诊病例登记册中收集了15天的回顾性数据，以便更全面地了解紧急情况的性质。
在为期7天的前瞻性研究和15天的回顾性研究期间，共记录了2169起紧急情况。古瓦哈蒂医学院医院处理的紧急情况最多（42%），主要是妊娠（22.7%）、事故（12.2%）或袭击（15.4%）以及发热相关情况。边境地区出现的紧急情况也最多，且发生在19至45岁的年轻男性中。男性也更容易发生事故和遭受袭击，而女性则以妊娠作为紧急情况就诊。
潜在的急救服务需要针对年轻的怀孕女性。还需要加强法律和秩序，以遏制年轻男性中的事故和袭击事件。
