HIV Molecular Research Group, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Ireland.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2010 Feb;23(1):1-8. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e328334fe9a.
This review details the clinical aspects and pathogenesis of low bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV, discusses broad management issues and outlines areas in which our understanding of this condition is incomplete.
Low BMD is prevalent in HIV-infected patients, with traditional risk factors, HIV infection and exposure to antiretroviral therapy all contributing. The role of specific antiretrovirals in the development of low BMD remains controversial, but most changes arise at either antiretroviral therapy initiation or switch.
Further research is needed to clarify mechanisms underlying low BMD in HIV, whether low BMD will translate to increased fractures and to determine the correct therapeutic approach to low BMD in HIV, particularly in younger HIV-infected patients.
本文详细介绍了 HIV 患者低骨密度（BMD）的临床方面和发病机制，讨论了广泛的管理问题，并概述了我们对这种疾病认识不完整的领域。
HIV 感染患者中低 BMD 很常见，传统的危险因素、HIV 感染和抗逆转录病毒治疗的暴露都有影响。特定抗逆转录病毒药物在低 BMD 发展中的作用仍存在争议，但大多数变化发生在开始或转换抗逆转录病毒治疗时。
需要进一步研究来阐明 HIV 患者低 BMD 的潜在机制，低 BMD 是否会增加骨折风险，以及确定 HIV 患者低 BMD 的正确治疗方法，特别是在年轻的 HIV 感染患者中。
