Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2010 Mar;22(2):213-7. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e328335d1a2.
The current review summarizes the existing knowledge about exercise therapy in the management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) along with activity level, functional abilities and exercise capacity of this population.
Current studies show that children with JIA are considerably less active than their peers. They have significantly impaired aerobic and anaerobic exercise capacity. The inactivity, decreased exercise capacity and disease course lead to deconditioning and disability. Adolescent girls with polyarticular rheumatoid factor-positive subtype appear to be most vulnerable to disability. Recent trials suggest that structured aerobic training or low-intensity programs do not exacerbate arthritis and can lead to improved physical fitness, quality of life and functional abilities in children and adolescents with JIA.
Inactivity in pediatric patients with JIA leads to deconditioning and disability and decreased bone mass, reduced quality of life and possibly increased mortality in adulthood. Although advances in pharmacology have improved the lives of children with JIA, management should also include a moderate, consistent exercise program or more active lifestyle. Physical activity may improve exercise capacity, decrease disability in adulthood, improve quality of life and, in some patients, decrease disease parameters. Further studies are needed to assess practicality of various programs and long-term effects of exercise in children and adolescents with JIA.
本综述总结了目前关于运动疗法在幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）管理中，以及该人群活动水平、功能能力和运动能力的相关知识。
目前的研究表明，患有 JIA 的儿童的活动量明显低于同龄人。他们的有氧和无氧运动能力明显受损。这种不活动、运动能力下降和疾病进程导致功能下降和残疾。多关节类风湿因子阳性亚型的青少年女孩似乎最容易残疾。最近的试验表明，有组织的有氧运动或低强度方案不会加重关节炎，并能提高儿童和青少年 JIA 患者的身体健康、生活质量和功能能力。
JIA 患儿的不活动会导致功能下降和残疾、骨量减少、生活质量下降，在成年后可能增加死亡率。尽管药物治疗的进步改善了 JIA 患儿的生活，但治疗还应包括适度、持续的运动方案或更积极的生活方式。体育活动可以提高运动能力，减少成年后的残疾，提高生活质量，在某些患者中还可以降低疾病参数。需要进一步研究以评估各种方案的实用性以及运动对 JIA 患儿和青少年的长期影响。
