Martiniskova Zuzana, Kollar Branislav, Vachalova Ivana, Klobucnikova Katarína, Waczulikova Iveta, Goldenberg Zoltan
1st Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009;30(4):482-6.
Approximately 5% of the general population experiences at least one unprovoked epileptic seizure in the lifetime. This is in contrast to the cumulative incidence of epilepsy (approx. 3-4%) and incidence of acute symptomatic seizures (approx. 4%). Nearly 2% of the population experiences a febrile seizure before the 5 years of age. The aim of this article was evaluation of the distribution of acute symptomatic and unprovoked seizures in our patient cohort after the solitary epileptic seizures, as well as determination of particular etiological factors responsible for the occurrence of solitary epileptic seizure.
Our patient cohort comprised 116 patients experiencing the solitary epileptic seizure, who were hospitalised at the 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine of Comenius University and Faculty Hospital in Bratislava, Slovakia over a period of 10 years (January 1, 1997 - January 1, 2007). It is a retrospective analysis of data from case records and health records; eventually we contacted the patients by phone or by sending a questionnaire.
Of the 116 patients there were 32 cases (37.12%) of an acute symptomatic seizure and 84 cases (62.88%) of an unprovoked seizure. In the group of unprovoked solitary epileptic seizures the etiological conclusions were idiopathic and cryptogenic in 35 cases (41.7%) and late symptomatic in 49 cases (58.3%). The most frequent etiological factor in the group of acute symptomatic seizures was alcohol (40.6%). In the subgroup of late symptomatic seizures the etiology was mostly vascular (17.85%).
Data management of etiological factors responsible for the solitary epileptic seizure confirmed a need for a thorough evaluation of the first epileptic seizure.
约5%的普通人群一生中至少经历过一次无诱因癫痫发作。这与癫痫的累积发病率（约3 - 4%）和急性症状性癫痫发作的发病率（约4%）形成对比。近2%的人群在5岁前经历过热性惊厥。本文的目的是评估我们患者队列中单次癫痫发作后急性症状性和无诱因癫痫发作的分布情况，以及确定导致单次癫痫发作的特定病因因素。
我们的患者队列包括116例经历单次癫痫发作的患者，他们于1997年1月1日至2007年1月1日期间在斯洛伐克布拉迪斯拉发的夸美纽斯大学医学院第一神经内科和大学医院住院。这是一项对病例记录和健康记录数据的回顾性分析；最终我们通过电话或发送问卷与患者联系。
在116例患者中，有32例（37.12%）为急性症状性癫痫发作，84例（62.88%）为无诱因癫痫发作。在无诱因单次癫痫发作组中，病因诊断为特发性和隐源性的有35例（41.7%），晚发性症状性的有49例（58.3%）。急性症状性癫痫发作组中最常见的病因因素是酒精（40.6%）。在晚发性症状性癫痫发作亚组中，病因主要是血管性的（17.85%）。
对导致单次癫痫发作的病因因素进行数据管理证实，有必要对首次癫痫发作进行全面评估。
