Landa Vladimír, Zídek Václav, Pravenec Michal
Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;597:267-75. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-389-3_18.
Congenic strains are routinely used for positional mapping of quantitative trait loci; while conplastic strains, derived by substitution of different mitochondrial genomes on the same nuclear genetic background of inbred rodent strains, provide a way to unambiguously isolate effects of the mitochondrial genome on complex traits. Derivation of congenic or conplastic strains using a traditional backcross breeding strategy (10 backcrosses) takes more than 3 years. There are two principal strategies to speed up this process: (1) marker-assisted derivation of "speed" congenic/conplastic strains and (2) derivation of "supersonic" congenic/conplastic strains using in each backcross generation embryos obtained from 4-week-old superovulated females; thus, each backcross generation takes only 7 weeks. Both strategies could also be combined. In the current chapter, a method for derivation of "supersonic" congenic/conplastic rat strains is described.
同源近交系通常用于数量性状基因座的定位；而同核异质系是通过在近交啮齿动物品系相同的核遗传背景上替换不同的线粒体基因组而产生的，它提供了一种明确分离线粒体基因组对复杂性状影响的方法。使用传统回交育种策略（10次回交）培育同源近交系或同核异质系需要3年多时间。有两种主要策略可以加速这一过程：（1）利用标记辅助培育“快速”同源近交系/同核异质系，以及（2）在每个回交世代中使用从4周龄超排雌性获得的胚胎培育“超速”同源近交系/同核异质系；因此，每个回交世代仅需7周。这两种策略也可以结合使用。在本章中，将描述一种培育“超速”同源近交系/同核异质大鼠品系的方法。
