Merrick Joav, Raskas Mordechai, Merrick-Kenig Efrat, Kandel Isack, Aspler Shoshanah, Morad Mohammed
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Health Services, Office of the Medical Director, Division for Mental Retardation, Ministry of Social Affairs, Jerusalem, Israel.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2009 Jul-Sep;21(3):421-5. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2009.21.3.421.
Nursing care has changed over time and the focus has differed according to the need or the culture involved. One of the first descriptions of nursing of people with intellectual disability (ID) is from the United States at the New York Hospital around 1808. Over the next 200 years, ID nursing developed into a subspecialty in both the United States and England with a curriculum and certification. This process has yet to take place in Israel, but it is a change we would like to see in the coming years. The purpose of this paper was to look at the trend in the number of nursing patients in residential care centers for people with ID in Israel. Data were extracted from the 1998-2007 national annual surveys of all residential care centers in Israel. Over this 10-year period, we found that the number of nursing patients was fairly constant, ranging from 23.9% of the total population in 1998 to 26.5% in 2007. Whereas the percent of nursing patients has remained steady, the burden of nursing has increased. Specifically, due to the aging of this population, residential care centers are now dealing with an increased quantity and complexity of medical problems. As a result, we have experienced a need to establish, on a regional basis, long-term nursing care facilities within our residential care centers.
随着时间的推移，护理工作发生了变化，其重点也因相关需求或文化的不同而有所差异。对智障人士护理的最早描述之一来自1808年左右美国纽约医院。在接下来的200年里，智障护理在美国和英国都发展成为一个拥有课程和认证的亚专业。这一过程在以色列尚未发生，但这是我们希望在未来几年看到的变化。本文的目的是研究以色列智障人士寄宿护理中心护理患者数量的趋势。数据取自1998年至2007年对以色列所有寄宿护理中心的全国年度调查。在这10年期间，我们发现护理患者的数量相当稳定，从1998年占总人口的23.9%到2007年的26.5%。虽然护理患者的百分比保持稳定，但护理负担却有所增加。具体而言，由于这一人群的老龄化，寄宿护理中心现在面临着数量更多、复杂性更高的医疗问题。因此，我们感到有必要在地区层面上，在我们的寄宿护理中心内建立长期护理设施。
