Department of Psychology, Williams College, Bronfman Science Center, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA.
J Pers Assess. 2009 Jul;91(4):331-9. doi: 10.1080/00223890902935746.
This is a longitudinal study of change in undercontrol and its relation to the use of defense mechanisms with participants from the Berkeley Guidance Study of the Institute of Human Development, University of California, Berkeley. I predicted that use of the immature defense of Denial, but not Projection or Identification, would be related at early adolescence to an increase in undercontrol as assessed from 2 independent measures. The assessment of Ego Undercontrol indicated that the majority of children decreased with age, but for those who increased at early adolescence, the increase was significantly related to the use of Denial. Similarly, assessment of Externalizing Behavior Problems at early adolescence indicated that an increase in Externalizing Problems was related to the use of Denial. In addition to indicating psychological immaturity, the use of Denial prevents these children from recognizing the negative impact of their undercontrolled behavior.
这是一项针对伯克利人类发展研究所伯克利指导研究参与者的未控制状态变化及其与防御机制使用之间关系的纵向研究。我预测，在早期青春期，不成熟防御机制否认的使用，但不是投射或认同的使用，将与通过 2 项独立测量评估的未控制状态的增加相关。自我控制能力评估表明，大多数孩子随着年龄的增长而减少，但对于那些在早期青春期增加的孩子来说，这种增加与否认的使用显著相关。同样，早期青春期的外化行为问题评估表明，外化问题的增加与否认的使用有关。否认的使用不仅表明心理不成熟，还阻止这些孩子认识到他们不受控制的行为的负面影响。
