大众媒体宣传和社会支持对尼日利亚与艾滋病相关的耻辱和歧视程度及趋势的影响:加强有效艾滋病毒预防方案的工具。
The impact of exposure to mass media campaigns and social support on levels and trends of HIV-related stigma and discrimination in Nigeria: tools for enhancing effective HIV prevention programmes.
机构信息
The Society for Family Health, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria.
出版信息
J Biosoc Sci. 2010 May;42(3):395-407. doi: 10.1017/S0021932009990538. Epub 2009 Dec 17.
People living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHAs) often face stigma and discrimination, especially in developing countries. HIV-related stigma is expressed through social ostracism, personal rejection, direct and indirect discrimination, and denial from families and friends. Consequently, it is associated with reduced adoption of preventive and care behaviours, including condom use, seeking for HIV test and care-seeking behaviour subsequent to diagnosis. Ignorance about the epidemiology of the disease on modes of transmission and prevention aggravates HIV-related stigma in Nigeria. Behaviour change communication activities through mass media have been shown to be an effective approach in improving people's knowledge about the disease. This paper monitors trends in the level of accepting attitudes towards PLWHAs in Nigeria between 2003 and 2007. It also evaluates the impact of exposure to mass media and social support on the levels of accepting attitudes towards PLWHAs. A significant and positive trend was evident between 2003 and 2007 (p<0.0001). Furthermore, exposure to mass media communications on HIV and AIDS issues and social support were significantly related to the reduced stigma and discrimination against PLWHAs (p<0.0001).
艾滋病毒携带者和艾滋病患者(PLWHAs)经常面临污名和歧视,特别是在发展中国家。与艾滋病毒相关的污名通过社会排斥、个人拒绝、直接和间接歧视以及来自家庭和朋友的否认来表达。因此,它与预防和护理行为的采用减少有关,包括使用安全套、寻求艾滋病毒检测以及在诊断后寻求护理。尼日利亚对疾病传播和预防模式的流行病学知识的无知加剧了与艾滋病毒相关的污名。通过大众媒体开展行为改变交流活动已被证明是提高人们对该疾病认识的有效方法。本文监测了 2003 年至 2007 年期间尼日利亚对艾滋病毒携带者接受态度的变化趋势。它还评估了接触大众媒体和社会支持对接受艾滋病毒携带者的态度的影响。2003 年至 2007 年间,明显呈现出显著和积极的趋势(p<0.0001)。此外,接触关于艾滋病毒和艾滋病问题的大众媒体传播以及社会支持与减少对艾滋病毒携带者的污名和歧视显著相关(p<0.0001)。