Berenson Gerald S
Tulane Center for Cardiovascular Health, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Prev Cardiol. 2010 Winter;13(1):23-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7141.2009.00049.x.
Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in childhood result in a lifetime burden on the CV system. The Bogalusa Heart Study, a prevention program for children, addresses behaviors and lifestyles associated with CV risk. This prevention program utilizes the substructure of a Parish (County) that can be a model for other areas. All aspects in educating school children-the classroom, physical activity, cafeteria, teachers, and parents with community involvement-are included. The program requires cooperation of parents, schools, physicians, and political and business personnel. Their collaboration helps implement and sustain the program. Understanding the origin of coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, and now the obesity epidemic shows the need to develop a framework for improving lifestyles and behaviors beginning in childhood. In addition to nutrition and exercise, the program addresses tobacco, alcohol, and drug use, and societal problems such as dropping out of school, violent behavior, and teenage pregnancy. An initial accomplishment is the entry into all elementary schools, representing approximately 7000 children. Early results show reduction in obesity, increased physical activity, improved decision making, and healthy attitudes. This public health model is inexpensive by utilizing prior research findings and integrating into community resources. Health education of children is an important aspect of preventive cardiology with a need for pediatric and adult cardiologists' involvement.
儿童期的心血管（CV）危险因素会给心血管系统带来终生负担。博加卢萨心脏研究是一项针对儿童的预防项目，旨在解决与心血管风险相关的行为和生活方式问题。该预防项目利用教区（县）的子结构，可为其他地区提供范例。对在校儿童的教育涵盖所有方面——课堂、体育活动、食堂、教师以及有社区参与的家长。该项目需要家长、学校、医生以及政治和商业人士的合作。他们的协作有助于项目的实施和持续推进。了解冠状动脉疾病、高血压、糖尿病以及当前肥胖流行的根源表明，有必要制定一个从儿童期开始改善生活方式和行为的框架。除了营养和运动，该项目还涉及烟草、酒精和药物使用，以及诸如辍学、暴力行为和青少年怀孕等社会问题。初步成果是该项目进入了所有小学，涉及约7000名儿童。早期结果显示肥胖率降低、体育活动增加、决策能力提高以及态度健康。这种公共卫生模式通过利用先前的研究成果并整合社区资源，成本较低。儿童健康教育是预防心脏病学的一个重要方面，需要儿科和成人心脏病专家的参与。
