Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule (ICSM), UMR 5257-CEA-CNRS-UMII-ENSCM, Bagnols sur Cèze Cédex, France.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2010 Aug;17(6):1033-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.11.012. Epub 2009 Nov 27.
The industrial treatment of spent nuclear fuel is based upon a hydrometallurgical process in nitric acid medium. In order to minimize the volume of radioactive waste it seems interesting to generate the reactive species in situ in such solutions using ultrasonic irradiation without addition of salt-forming reagents. This review summarizes for the first time the versatile sonochemical processes with uranium, neptunium and plutonium in homogeneous nitric acid solutions and heterogeneous systems. The dissolution of refractory solids, ultrasonically driven liquid-liquid extraction and the sonochemical degradation of the volatile products of organic solvent radiolysis issued from PUREX process are considered. Also the guidelines for required further work to ensure successful application of the studied processes at industrial scale are discussed.
乏核燃料的工业处理基于硝酸介质中的水冶工艺。为了使放射性废物的体积最小化，使用超声辐射在这种溶液中就地生成反应性物质而不添加成盐试剂似乎很有趣。这篇综述首次总结了均匀硝酸溶液和多相体系中铀、镎和钚的多种超声化学过程。考虑了难溶固体的溶解、超声驱动的液-液萃取以及来自 PUREX 工艺的有机溶剂辐射分解的挥发性产物的超声化学降解。还讨论了确保所研究的工艺在工业规模上成功应用所需的进一步工作的指导方针。
