Johnson D F, Collier G
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1991 Jan;55(1):79-95. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1991.55-79.
Rats in a laboratory foraging simulation searched for sequential opportunities to feed in two patches that differed in the rate at which food pellets were delivered (controlled by fixed-interval schedules) and in the size of the pellets. The profitability of feeding in each patch was calculated in terms of time (grams per minute) and in terms of effort (grams per bar press). These values were the result of the imposed fixed interval, the size of the pellets, and the rate at which the rats pressed the bar in each condition. The rats ate more food and larger meals, but not more frequent meals, at the patch offering the higher rate of food consumption, calculated as grams per minute. The relative intake at any patch was a function of the relative rate of intake during meals at that patch compared to the other patch. Rats respond to explicit manipulations of feeding time in the same manner as they respond to manipulations of feeding effort.
在实验室觅食模拟实验中，大鼠要在两个不同的区域寻找依次进食的机会。这两个区域在食物颗粒投放速度（由固定间隔时间表控制）和颗粒大小方面存在差异。每个区域的进食收益是根据时间（每分钟克数）和努力程度（每次按压杠杆的克数）来计算的。这些数值是由设定的固定间隔、颗粒大小以及大鼠在每种条件下按压杠杆的速度所决定的。按每分钟克数计算，在食物消耗率较高的区域，大鼠进食量更多、每餐食量更大，但进餐频率并未增加。任何一个区域的相对摄入量是该区域进餐时相对摄入率与另一个区域相比的函数。大鼠对进食时间的明确操控的反应方式，与它们对进食努力程度操控的反应方式相同。
