Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, 20 Nørre Alle, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Clin Oral Investig. 2011 Feb;15(1):81-7. doi: 10.1007/s00784-009-0364-3. Epub 2009 Dec 19.
The purpose of the present retrospective study was to analyze treatment choice and outcome in patients with retention/impaction of the mandibular second molar. Radiographic material, from three large clinics, from 106 patients (60 males and 46 females) with 126 retained/impacted permanent mandibular second molars treated during the years 1985-2005 was evaluated for treatment choice and treatment outcome. Follow-up questionnaires were sent to dentists in cases where treatment outcome could not be determined from the radiographic material. Clinical evaluation was not possible as the patients were no longer associated with the clinic where they were treated. The cases were categorized into six groups: (A) no treatment; (B) orthodontic treatment; (C) surgical exposure of the second molar; (D) removal of the third molar; (E) removal of the second molar; and (F) other treatments. The various treatment choices performed during 1985-2005 showed acceptable results in 66 of the cases. In 23 cases, the results were unacceptable. In 37 cases, the radiographic material could not document the outcome nor was evaluation of the final outcome possible due to the patient's young age. Remarkable are the high percentages of unacceptable treatment outcome, 25.9% in group D (removal of third molar) and 23% in group E (removal of second molar). As the material was collected before new advanced methods of surgical uprighting and new methods of orthodontic uprighting had been introduced, these percentages are expectedly lower today. Even so, it is highly recommended to focus especially on these two groups in future studies on treatment outcome.
本回顾性研究的目的是分析下颌第二磨牙阻生/嵌塞患者的治疗选择和结果。从三个大型诊所的放射学资料中，评估了 1985 年至 2005 年间治疗的 106 名患者（60 名男性和 46 名女性）的 126 颗滞留/阻生的下颌第二恒磨牙的治疗选择和治疗结果。在无法从放射学资料中确定治疗结果的情况下，向牙医发送了随访问卷。由于患者不再与接受治疗的诊所相关，因此无法进行临床评估。将病例分为六组：（A）未治疗；（B）正畸治疗；（C）第二磨牙的手术暴露；（D）第三磨牙的拔除；（E）第二磨牙的拔除；和（F）其他治疗。1985 年至 2005 年期间进行的各种治疗选择在 66 例中取得了可接受的结果。在 23 例中，结果不可接受。在 37 例中，由于患者年龄较小，放射学资料无法记录结果，也无法评估最终结果。值得注意的是，拔牙组（拔除第三磨牙）和拔牙组（拔除第二磨牙）的不可接受治疗结果的百分比很高，分别为 25.9%和 23%。由于该材料是在引入新的先进手术直立方法和新的正畸直立方法之前收集的，因此今天的这些百分比预计会更低。即便如此，强烈建议在未来的治疗结果研究中特别关注这两个群体。
