Sieroslawska Anna, Rymuszka Anna
The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Department of Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Poland.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009;30 Suppl 1:13-6.
Cyanotoxins are the metabolites of cyanobacteria, belonging to different chemical groups and of diverse mechanisms of toxicity. Generally, they are divided into hepatotoxins, neurotoxins and dermatotoxins/irritant toxins. There is a growing evidence, that besides the above mentioned toxicity, exposure to cyanotoxins may also induce other effects, among others the disruption of neuroendocrine and immune systems. The purpose of that paper is to sum up the current information obtained from the literature and from our own studies about the influence of cyanohepatotoxins on neuroendocrine and immune systems of fish. From the presented data it appears, that microcystins, nodularin and cylindrospermopsin, except for their hepatotoxic activity, are potent to exert such effects as HPI axis activation resulting in physiological and behavioural changes, disturbances in thyroid hormones release/metabolism, as well as impairment of immune responses in fish. However the studies in that area are still incomplete and many questions remain to be answered, especially what consequences for fish population health status it brings.
蓝藻毒素是蓝藻的代谢产物，属于不同的化学类别，具有多种毒性机制。一般来说，它们分为肝毒素、神经毒素和皮肤毒素/刺激毒素。越来越多的证据表明，除了上述毒性外，接触蓝藻毒素还可能引发其他影响，其中包括神经内分泌和免疫系统的紊乱。本文的目的是总结从文献和我们自己的研究中获得的关于氰基肝毒素对鱼类神经内分泌和免疫系统影响的当前信息。从所呈现的数据来看，微囊藻毒素、节球藻毒素和柱孢藻毒素除了具有肝毒性活性外，还能够产生诸如激活HPI轴导致生理和行为变化、干扰甲状腺激素释放/代谢以及损害鱼类免疫反应等效应。然而，该领域的研究仍不完整，许多问题有待解答，尤其是它对鱼类种群健康状况会带来哪些后果。
