Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
J Med Virol. 2010 Feb;82(2):220-3. doi: 10.1002/jmv.21603.
Jordan is a country with intermediate endemicity for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection where risk factors for viral transmission and their relative contributions are not well known. A case-control study of 100 hepatitis B virus seropositive patients and another 100 seronegative controls was conducted. Univariate analysis and logistic regression model were performed to examine probable risk factors for acquisition of hepatitis B virus infections. Logistic-regression analysis showed that significant risk factors for acquisition of hepatitis B virus infection were sharing toothbrushes (odds ratio = 10.167; 95% confidence interval, 1.181-87.509), unhygienic dental care (odds ratio = 2.455; 95% confidence interval, 1.294-4.658), and living abroad for at least 1 year (odds ratio = 20.018; 95% confidence interval, 2.268-176.685). The presence of these risk factors emphasizes the need for both increasing the use of hepatitis B vaccines and risk-targeted public health education. Development and enforcement of appropriate infection control guidelines for dental care services are also necessary to curtail HBV transmission. Further research that controls for confounding factors is needed to assess the relative contribution of the identified risk factors in the Jordanian community.
约旦是乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染中度流行的国家，其病毒传播的危险因素及其相对贡献尚不清楚。对 100 名乙型肝炎病毒血清阳性患者和 100 名血清阴性对照者进行了病例对照研究。采用单因素分析和逻辑回归模型来研究乙型肝炎病毒感染的可能危险因素。逻辑回归分析显示，获得乙型肝炎病毒感染的显著危险因素是共用牙刷（比值比= 10.167；95%置信区间，1.181-87.509）、不卫生的牙科护理（比值比= 2.455；95%置信区间，1.294-4.658）和在国外居住至少 1 年（比值比= 20.018；95%置信区间，2.268-176.685）。这些危险因素的存在强调需要增加乙型肝炎疫苗的使用，并针对风险进行公共卫生教育。还需要制定和执行适当的感染控制指南，以控制牙科服务中的 HBV 传播。需要进行进一步的研究来控制混杂因素，以评估确定的危险因素在约旦社区中的相对贡献。
