Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 Apr;101(7):2483-90. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.091. Epub 2009 Dec 23.
Direct liquefaction of lignocellulosic wastes (sawdust and cornstalks) and two model bio-mass compounds (pure lignin and pure cellulose as references) has been conducted in hot-compressed water at temperatures from 250 to 350 degrees C in the presence of 2MPa H(2), for the production of phenolic compounds that may be suitable for the production of green phenol-formaldehyde resins. The liquefaction operations at 250 degrees C for 60 min produced the desirable product of phenolic/neutral oil at a yield of about 53, 32, 32 and 17 wt.% for lignin, sawdust, cornstalk and cellulose, respectively. The yield of phenolic/neutral oil for each feedstock was found to decrease with increasing temperature. As evidenced by GC-MS measurements, significant quantities of phenolic compounds such as 2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, and 2,6-dimethoxy-phenol, were present in the resulting phenolic/neutral oils from the two lignocellulosic wastes and pure lignin. The relative concentration of phenolic compounds in the lignin-derived oil was as high as about 80%. As expected, the liquid products from cellulose contained essentially carboxylic acids and neutral compounds. Addition of Ba(OH)(2) and Rb(2)CO(3) catalysts were found to significantly increase both phenolic/neutral oil and gas yields for all feedstocks except for lignin.
在 2MPa H2 存在下，将木质纤维素废物（木屑和玉米秸秆）和两种模型生物质化合物（纯木质素和纯纤维素作为参考）在 250 至 350°C 的热加压水中直接液化，以生产可能适用于生产绿色酚醛树脂的酚类化合物。在 250°C 下进行 60 分钟的液化操作，对于木质素、木屑、玉米秸秆和纤维素，分别产生了约 53、32、32 和 17wt.%的酚/中性油的所需产物。发现每种原料的酚/中性油产率随温度升高而降低。通过 GC-MS 测量证明，在两种木质纤维素废物和纯木质素的所得酚/中性油中存在大量酚类化合物，如 2-甲氧基苯酚、4-乙基-2-甲氧基苯酚和 2,6-二甲氧基苯酚。木质素衍生油中酚类化合物的相对浓度高达约 80%。如预期的那样，纤维素的液体产物主要含有羧酸和中性化合物。发现添加 Ba(OH)2 和 Rb2CO3 催化剂可显著提高除木质素以外的所有原料的酚/中性油和气体产率。
