Clinical features of 5 patients with descending necrotizing mediastinitis originating from deep neck infection.

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis originating from deep neck infection is one of the most serious diseases in the head and neck region. Delayed diagnosis leads to death. We examined 5 cases of descending necrotizing mediastinitis, successfully treated with antibiotics and surgical drainage. Abscess was found in the lower part of the anterior mediastinum in 3 cases and the posterior mediastinum in 2 cases. We first conducted transcervical mediastinal drainage for 3 cases, however, thoracotomy was eventually required in all cases. For cases of abscess in the lower part of the anterior mediastinum, early and aggressive surgical drainage in collaboration with thoracic surgeons is very important and can improve survival.