Sport and Exercise Research Centre, Academy of Sport, Physical Activity and Well-Being, FESBE, London South Bank University, London, England.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Feb;25(2):298-308. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181be3003.
The purpose of the present study was to quantify vibration transmissibility through the lower extremity during exercise on a whole-body vibration (WBV) platform. Six healthy adults completed 20 trials of 30-second static squat exercise at 30 or 40 degrees of knee flexion angle on a WBV platform working at combinations of 5 frequencies (VF: 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 Hz) and 2 amplitudes (VA: low, 1.5 mm or high, 3 mm). Accelerations induced by the platform were recorded simultaneously at the shank and the thigh using triaxial accelerometers positioned at the segmental center of mass. Root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration amplitude and transmission ratios between the platform and the leg segments were calculated and compared between the experimental conditions. An alpha level of 0.05 was set to establish significance. Shank vertical acceleration was greatest at the lower VF (p = 0.028), higher VA (p = 0.028), and deeper squat (p = 0.048). Thigh vertical acceleration was not affected by depth of squat (p = 0.25), but it was greatest at higher VA (p = 0.046) and lower VF (p = 0.028). Medial-lateral shank acceleration was greatest at higher VF and deeper squat (both p = 0.046) and at higher VA (p = 0.028). Medial-lateral thigh acceleration was positively related to both VF (p = 0.046) and VA (p = 0.028) but was not affected by knee angle (p = 0.46). Anterior-posterior shank acceleration was higher at deeper squat (p = 0.046) and at lower VF and higher VA (both p = 0.028). Anterior-posterior thigh acceleration was related positively to the VA (p = 0.028), inversely to the VF (p = 0.028), and not dependent on knee angle (p = 0.75). Identification of specific vibration parameters and posture, which underpin WBV training efficacy, will enable coaches and athletes to design WBV training programs to specifically target shank or thigh muscles for enhanced performance.
本研究的目的是量化在全身振动（WBV）平台上进行运动时下肢的振动传递。六名健康成年人在 WBV 平台上完成了 20 次 30 秒的静态深蹲运动，膝关节弯曲角度为 30 或 40 度，平台的工作频率为 5 个（VF：20、25、30、35、40 Hz），振幅为 2 个（VA：低，1.5 毫米或高，3 毫米）。使用放置在身体节段质心处的三轴加速度计同时记录平台和腿部产生的加速度。计算并比较了平台和腿部之间的均方根（RMS）加速度幅度和传输比。设定了 0.05 的 alpha 水平以确定显著性。在较低的 VF（p = 0.028）、较高的 VA（p = 0.028）和更深的深蹲时，胫骨垂直加速度最大（p = 0.048）。股四头肌的垂直加速度不受深蹲深度的影响（p = 0.25），但在较高的 VA（p = 0.046）和较低的 VF（p = 0.028）时最大。在较高的 VF 和更深的深蹲时，胫骨内侧-外侧加速度最大（均为 p = 0.046），并且在较高的 VA 时也最大（p = 0.028）。在较高的 VF 和 VA 时，股四头肌内侧-外侧加速度呈正相关（均为 p = 0.046），但不受膝关节角度的影响（p = 0.46）。在较深的深蹲时，胫骨前后向加速度更高（p = 0.046），在较低的 VF 和较高的 VA 时也更高（均为 p = 0.028）。股四头肌前后向加速度与 VA 呈正相关（p = 0.028），与 VF 呈负相关（p = 0.028），与膝关节角度无关（p = 0.75）。确定支撑 WBV 训练效果的特定振动参数和姿势将使教练和运动员能够设计 WBV 训练计划，以专门针对胫骨或大腿肌肉，从而提高性能。
