Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
BMB Rep. 2009 Dec 31;42(12):776-87. doi: 10.5483/bmbrep.2009.42.12.776.
T helper (Th) 17 cells have recently been described as a third subset of T helper cells, and have provided new insights into the mechanisms that are important in the development of autoimmune diseases and the immune responses that are essential for effective antimicrobial host defense. Both protective and harmful effects of Th17 responses during infection have been described. In general, Th17 responses are critical for mucosal and epithelial host defense against extracellular bacteria and fungi. However, recent studies have reported that Th17 responses can also contribute to viral persistence and chronic inflammation associated with parasitic infection. It has become evident that the type of microorganisms and the setting in which they trigger the Th17 response determines the outcome of the delicate balance that exists between Th17 induced protection and immunopathogenesis.
T 辅助细胞 17（Th17）细胞最近被描述为 T 辅助细胞的第三个亚群，为自身免疫性疾病发展过程中的重要机制以及有效抗微生物宿主防御所必需的免疫反应提供了新的认识。在感染过程中，Th17 反应既有保护作用，也有有害作用。一般来说，Th17 反应对于黏膜和上皮的宿主防御作用至关重要，可抵抗细胞外细菌和真菌。然而，最近的研究表明，Th17 反应也可能导致与寄生虫感染相关的病毒持续存在和慢性炎症。显然，触发 Th17 反应的微生物类型和环境决定了 Th17 诱导的保护和免疫发病机制之间存在的微妙平衡的结果。
