Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6301, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2010 Mar 30;99(4):495-9. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.12.020. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of one day of food restriction on subsequent spontaneous daily food intake and the recovery of body weight in humans. Twenty-two, non-restrained females were fed from Monday to Friday for four weeks using food prepared and measured in the Cornell Metabolic Laboratory. For the first week, all participants ate ad libitum. For each subsequent Monday, participants were divided into three groups in which either they (a) ate ad libitum, (b) were restricted to eating 1200 kcal (5040 kj), or (c) were fasted. From Tuesday until Friday participants ate ad libitum. During each session, all food consumed as well as body weight were measured. Body weight did not change following the day of ad libitum eating, but decreased significantly after the day of food restriction decreasing still further after fasting, indicating high compliance with study protocol. Although the loss in body weight was regained within four days, the recovery was accomplished without any increase in spontaneous food intake. Although no direct measurement of energy expenditure was made in this study, the results strongly suggest that decreases in metabolic rate play a more dominant role in the recovery of body weight following food restriction than the control of food intake.
本研究旨在探讨一天的食物限制对人类随后的自发性日常食物摄入量和体重恢复的影响。22 名非限制进食的女性在康奈尔代谢实验室准备和测量食物的条件下，从周一至周五连续四周进食。在第一周，所有参与者均自由进食。随后的每个周一，参与者被分为三组，分别为：（a）自由进食；（b）限制进食 1200 卡路里（5040 千焦）；或（c）禁食。从周二到周五，参与者自由进食。在每个阶段，均测量所有消耗的食物和体重。自由进食日之后体重没有变化，但食物限制日之后体重显著下降，禁食后进一步下降，表明研究方案的高依从性。尽管体重在四天内恢复，但恢复过程中没有自发食物摄入量的增加。尽管本研究未直接测量能量消耗，但结果强烈表明，在限制进食后的体重恢复过程中，代谢率的降低比食物摄入量的控制发挥更主导的作用。
