Eaton Nicholas R, Krueger Robert F, Johnson Wendy, McGue Matt, Iacono William G
Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis.
J Res Pers. 2009;43(1):49-59. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.10.006.
Stattin and Kerr (2000) suggested reconceptualizing "parental monitoring" and presented evidence from a Swedish sample that challenged current operational definitions. We replicate and extend their findings. Parental knowledge ("monitoring") related more strongly to child disclosure than to parental solicitation of information in a more ethnically-diverse U. S. sample. We then addressed whether adolescents' personalities accounted for the links between child disclosure, parental knowledge, and delinquency. Solicitation, knowledge, and disclosure generally did not predict delinquency when controlling for adolescent personality. Personality contributed significant incremental validity to the statistical prediction of delinquency above and beyond solicitation, knowledge, and disclosure; the reverse was generally not true. Adolescents' personalities largely account for the "parental monitoring"-delinquency association, which supports reconceptualizing monitoring.
斯塔廷和克尔（2000年）建议重新界定“父母监督”的概念，并展示了来自瑞典样本的证据，这些证据对当前的操作定义提出了挑战。我们重复并扩展了他们的研究结果。在一个种族更加多样化的美国样本中，父母的了解（“监督”）与孩子的透露之间的关联比与父母主动获取信息之间的关联更为紧密。然后我们探讨了青少年的个性是否能够解释孩子的透露、父母的了解与犯罪行为之间的联系。在控制了青少年个性的情况下，主动获取信息、了解情况和透露信息通常并不能预测犯罪行为。个性在统计上对犯罪行为的预测所增加的有效性显著高于主动获取信息、了解情况和透露信息；反之则通常不成立。青少年的个性在很大程度上解释了“父母监督”与犯罪行为之间的关联，这支持了对监督概念的重新界定。
