Michigan State University/Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2009 Dec;37(4):147-53. doi: 10.3810/psm.2009.12.1753.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon condition in athletes. The most common cause of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is alveolar rupture into the bronchovascular sheath as a result of increased intrathoracic pressure. Epidural pneumatosis (pneumorrhachis) has been rarely associated with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. In this article, we describe a case of a 17-year-old male who presented with neck and chest pain that started 14 hours after a weight lifting session. He developed both a pneumomediastinum and epidural pneumatosis--an association that is rarely reported in a setting without trauma. To our knowledge, there have been only 5 case reports of pneumomediastinum precipitated by weight lifting. Improper breathing technique during weight lifting can increase the intrathoracic pressure and the risk of pneumomediastinum; hence, it is important that physicians and trainers who work with athletes provide instructions regarding proper breathing techniques during weight lifting. In addition to the case discussion, this article reviews spontaneous pneumomediastinum and epidural pneumatosis.
自发性纵隔气肿在运动员中较为少见。自发性纵隔气肿最常见的原因是肺泡破裂进入含支气管血管鞘，导致胸腔内压力增加。硬脊膜下积气（气脊）与自发性纵隔气肿很少相关。本文描述了一例 17 岁男性，举重后 14 小时出现颈部和胸痛。他同时发生了纵隔气肿和硬脊膜下积气 - 在没有外伤的情况下，这种关联很少见。据我们所知，只有 5 例举重引起的纵隔气肿的病例报告。举重过程中不正确的呼吸技术会增加胸腔内压力和纵隔气肿的风险；因此，为运动员提供正确的举重呼吸技术指导非常重要。除了病例讨论，本文还回顾了自发性纵隔气肿和硬脊膜下积气。
