Labruna M B, Terassini F A, Camargo L M A
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil.
J Parasitol. 2009 Aug;95(4):1016-8. doi: 10.1645/GE-1878.1.
Previous population dynamics data, generated for Amblyomma parvum Aragão and Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius) in Argentina and southeastern Brazil, have indicated that these ticks complete 1 generation per year, with larvae predominating in autumn, nymphs in winter, and mostly adults during spring and summer. The present study reports population dynamics data for free-living Amblyomma spp. ticks in northern Brazil (Amazon forest, latitude 10 degrees S, 63 degrees W), and for Amblyomma spp. ticks collected on birds in southeastern Brazil (latitude 23 degrees S, 45 degrees W). In northern Brazil, adult ticks predominated from mid-spring to mid-autumn, larvae predominated in early winter, and nymphs from mid-winter to mid-spring. Seven Amblyomma spp. were identified, although A. cajennense predominated in 1 of the 2 sites sampled. In southeastern Brazil, larval infestations on birds peaked in autumn, followed by a nymphal infestation peak in late winter. At least 32% and 75% of these larvae and nymphs, respectively, were identified as Amblyomma longirostre (Koch). Similar to previous work, the present study showed that Amblyomma spp. larvae and nymphs predominated during autumn-winter months, and mostly adults during spring-summer months, a pattern compatible with 1 generation/yr, even at latitude 10 degrees S in northern Brazil.
此前针对阿根廷和巴西东南部的微小扇头蜱（Aragão）和卡延恩扇头蜱（Fabricius）所生成的种群动态数据表明，这些蜱每年完成1个世代，幼虫在秋季占主导，若虫在冬季占主导，而成虫大多在春季和夏季。本研究报告了巴西北部（亚马逊森林，南纬10度，西经63度）自由生活的扇头蜱属蜱类以及巴西东南部（南纬23度，西经45度）鸟类身上采集的扇头蜱属蜱类的种群动态数据。在巴西北部，成虫从春中至秋中占主导，幼虫在初冬占主导，若虫从冬中至春中占主导。共鉴定出7种扇头蜱，尽管在所采样的2个地点之一中卡延恩扇头蜱占主导。在巴西东南部，鸟类身上的幼虫感染高峰出现在秋季，随后在冬末出现若虫感染高峰。这些幼虫和若虫中分别至少有32%和75%被鉴定为长喙扇头蜱（Koch）。与之前的研究相似，本研究表明扇头蜱属的幼虫和若虫在秋冬季节占主导，而成虫大多在春夏季节，即使在巴西北部南纬10度的地区，这种模式也与每年1个世代相符。
