Newcomb M D, Harmon D L, Nelssen J L, Thulin A J, Allee G L
Dept. of Anim. Sci. and Ind., Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506.
J Anim Sci. 1991 Jan;69(1):230-6. doi: 10.2527/1991.691230x.
Four experiments utilizing 49 primiparous and 34 multiparous sows were conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding either starch, soybean oil or medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) during late gestation (d 100 to parturition) on neonatal fasting blood glucose homeostasis (Exp. 1 and 2), d-100 maternal circulating insulin, glucagon and glucose concentrations (Exp. 3 and 4), neonatal energy stores (Exp. 3 and 4) and colostrum composition (Exp. 1, 2, 3 and 4). In all cases, sows were fed 7.2 Mcal/d of a diet that supplied 279 g of protein daily. During fasting, pigs from MCT-fed dams had higher blood glucose concentrations (P less than .05) than pigs from starch-fed dams. No differences between treatments were observed for total carcass fat, liver glycogen or carcass glycogen of pigs killed prior to suckling. In general, colostrum fatty acid profiles were influenced by diet; however, the shifts in fatty acids differed for experiments. Starch-fed sows had higher blood insulin and lower blood glucagon (P less than .05) than lipid-supplemented sows; however, sow blood glucose remained constant across treatments. This study indicates that any positive effects of feeding soybean oil to sows during late gestation are most likely mediated by a change in fatty acid composition of colostrum; any beneficial properties of MCT feeding most likely are mediated through improved blood glucose maintenance of the neonate when it is subjected to fasting conditions.
进行了四项试验，使用49头初产母猪和34头经产母猪，以评估在妊娠后期（第100天至分娩）饲喂淀粉、大豆油或中链甘油三酯（MCT）对新生仔猪空腹血糖稳态（试验1和2）、第100天母体循环胰岛素、胰高血糖素和葡萄糖浓度（试验3和4）、新生仔猪能量储备（试验3和4）以及初乳成分（试验1、2、3和4）的影响。在所有情况下，给母猪饲喂每日7.2兆卡的日粮，该日粮每天提供279克蛋白质。在禁食期间，来自饲喂MCT母猪的仔猪血糖浓度高于来自饲喂淀粉母猪的仔猪（P<0.05）。对于在哺乳前宰杀的仔猪，各处理间的胴体总脂肪、肝糖原或胴体糖原未观察到差异。总体而言，初乳脂肪酸谱受日粮影响；然而，不同试验中脂肪酸的变化有所不同。饲喂淀粉的母猪比饲喂脂质的母猪血糖胰岛素水平更高，胰高血糖素水平更低（P<0.05）；然而，各处理间母猪血糖保持恒定。本研究表明，妊娠后期给母猪饲喂大豆油的任何积极影响最有可能是通过初乳脂肪酸组成的变化介导的；饲喂MCT的任何有益特性最有可能是通过改善新生仔猪在禁食条件下的血糖维持来介导的。
