State Key Lab of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2006;18(1):135-40.
To assess the sublethal toxicity of the herbicide acetochlor to earthworms and to find out biomarkers possible inducted under acetochlor exposure, Eisenia fetida was exposed to artificial soils supplemented with different concentrations of acetochlor(5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg soil). Effects of the acetochlor on cytochrome P450 monooxygenases p-nitroanisole O-demethylase (ODM), aldrin epoxidase (AE) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) activities were determined. The results revealed cytochrome P450 monooxygenases were elevated with increasing concentrations of acetochlor, and the AE activity increased significantly compared with control at the concentration of 80 mg/kg (P < 0.05). However, ODM activity from E. fetida was not induced significantly by acetochlor at all treatments (P > 0.05). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that one protein band was visualized and no evident differences were found in protein profiles between treatments and control. The GST activity increased significantly with longer duration(P < 0.05) and increasing concentrations of acetochlor exposure (P < 0.05). This study showed that the monooxygenases and GSTs activities in E. fetida could be induced by acetochlor, and thus, the AE and GST could be used in sublethal assays for soil contamination surveys and GST could be used as biomarkers ofacetochlor exposure in E. fetida.
为了评估除草剂乙草胺对蚯蚓的亚致死毒性，并找出乙草胺暴露下可能诱导的生物标志物，采用添加不同浓度乙草胺（5、10、20、40 和 80mg/kg 土壤）的人工土壤对赤子爱胜蚓进行暴露实验。测定了乙草胺对细胞色素 P450 单加氧酶对硝基苯甲醚 O-脱甲基酶（ODM）、艾氏剂环氧化物酶（AE）和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GSTs）活性的影响。结果表明，随着乙草胺浓度的增加，细胞色素 P450 单加氧酶活性升高，在 80mg/kg 浓度下，AE 活性与对照相比显著增加（P<0.05）。然而，乙草胺在所有处理中均未显著诱导赤子爱胜蚓的 ODM 活性（P>0.05）。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）显示，在处理和对照之间，仅可见一条蛋白质带，且蛋白图谱无明显差异。GST 活性随暴露时间的延长（P<0.05）和乙草胺浓度的增加（P<0.05）而显著增加。本研究表明，乙草胺可诱导赤子爱胜蚓的单加氧酶和 GST 活性，因此，AE 和 GST 可用于亚致死测定土壤污染调查，GST 可作为赤子爱胜蚓暴露于乙草胺的生物标志物。
