Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan.
Am J Sports Med. 2010 Apr;38(4):791-6. doi: 10.1177/0363546509350297. Epub 2010 Jan 5.
Low back pain is a significant problem not only for the adult, but also during youth. However, the relationship between low back pain during youth and the duration or types of competitive sports has not been clarified.
Low back pain during youth is associated with the duration and types of competitive sports.
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 4.
Study participants were 4667 new university students who, from 2004 to 2006, answered a questionnaire concerning low back pain and their participation in competitive sports. The participants were divided into a "no" group (NO), a middle group (MID), and a high group (HI) based on the duration of participation in competitive sports. The answers to the questionnaire were analyzed using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. Furthermore, we selected students who had participated in the same sport for 5 or more years and categorized the students according to the type of sport. Differences in low back pain among the groups were analyzed using logistic regression with the NO group as the reference group.
There were statistically significant linear associations in the NO, MID, and HI groups, with 50.0%, 61.8%, and 71.7%, respectively, of the students experiencing low back pain. Among the NO, MID, and HI groups, 4.4%, 5.7%, 9.6%, respectively, had experienced school absence due to low back pain; and 4.0%, 8.5%, and 14.6%, respectively had low back pain with associated lower extremity pain and numbness. All 8 sports groups that were analyzed had experienced low back pain significantly higher than the NO group, and the odds ratios differed by sport with the highest (3.8) for the volleyball group.
Excessive exposure to competitive sports activities during youth was associated with low back pain and symptoms in the lower extremities, with the severity varying with the sport. To reduce low back pain in youth, factors that may be causing low back pain, such as sport-specific postures and motions, need to be investigated.
下腰痛不仅是成年人的一个重要问题，在青少年时期也是如此。然而，青少年时期的下腰痛与参与竞技体育的时间长短和类型之间的关系尚未明确。
青少年时期的下腰痛与竞技体育的时间长短和类型有关。
横断面研究；证据水平，4 级。
研究对象为 2004 年至 2006 年期间回答了有关下腰痛和参加竞技体育情况问卷的 4667 名新大学生。根据参加竞技体育的时间长短，将参与者分为“无”组（NO）、中组（MID）和高组（HI）。使用 Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel 检验分析问卷答案。此外，我们选择了参加同一项运动 5 年以上的学生，并根据运动类型对学生进行分类。以无组（NO）为参考组，使用逻辑回归分析各组之间腰痛的差异。
NO、MID 和 HI 组分别有 50.0%、61.8%和 71.7%的学生出现腰痛，呈统计学显著线性关联。在 NO、MID 和 HI 组中，分别有 4.4%、5.7%和 9.6%的学生因腰痛而缺课；分别有 4.0%、8.5%和 14.6%的学生出现腰痛伴下肢疼痛和麻木。所有 8 个分析的运动组出现腰痛的比例均明显高于无组（NO），且不同运动的优势比不同，排球组最高（3.8）。
青少年时期过度暴露于竞技体育活动与下腰痛和下肢症状有关，严重程度因运动而异。为了减少青少年的腰痛，需要研究可能导致腰痛的因素，如特定运动的姿势和动作。
